LoRa Based Smart Agriculture and Remote Monitoring System

Hi, readers in this post we are making a project that is very innovative.

Why do I say innovative?

It’s because we are using LoRa, So what is this, and why we are using this in farming?

Long Range (LoRa) technology, a low-power, wide-area networking protocol, has emerged as a game-changer in the realm of agriculture.

With its exceptional range and energy efficiency, LoRa enables seamless connectivity over vast distances, bridging the gap between farmers and their fields like never before.

This groundbreaking innovation has opened up a world of possibilities, revolutionizing the way we grow, monitor, and sustain our crops.

So what LoRa in farming can do?

IoT LoRa-based smart agriculture and remote monitoring system. The system can be used for a variety of applications, including crop monitoring, soil moisture monitoring, and temperature humidity monitoring.

The system consists of a LoRa which allows us to wirelessly monitor humidity and temperature levels in our fields so that we can make sure that our crops are getting the optimal conditions for growth.

LoRa is a technology that lets devices talk to each other over really long distances without using a lot of power.

Required Material

Arduino Nano
1.8 Inch TFT LCD Module
Reyax RYLR998 LoRa Module
DS1307 RTC Module
DHT11 Sensor
A capacitive Soil moisture sensor
Solar panel
5V Battery
Buzzer

RYLR998 Lora Module

The RYLR998 LoRa module is a device that enables long-range (LoRa) wireless communication over several kilometers with low power consumption, making it ideal for IoT, smart agriculture, and remote monitoring applications. It has excellent interference resistance, and high sensitivity, and can be controlled easily using AT commands.

Check out Introduction to LoRa Communication and How to Use it with Arduino. You can learn more about the RYLR998 module and download datasheets.

Capacitive Soil Moisture Sensor

A capacitive soil moisture sensor measures the moisture level in the soil. It uses capacitance to precisely determine the amount of water in the soil. The sensor has two electrodes that accurately detect changes in capacitance as the soil moisture changes.

DHT11 sensor

The DHT11 sensor is a low-cost digital temperature and humidity sensor. It is easy to use and provides temperature and humidity readings for various applications. It is commonly used in home automation, weather monitoring, and HVAC systems.

DS1307 RTC Clock Module

The DS1307 RTC (Real-Time Clock) module is a small electronic module that provides accurate timekeeping functions. It uses an I2C interface to communicate with microcontrollers and has a built-in battery backup to maintain time even without power.

1.8-inch TFT LCD Display

1.8-inch TFT LCD module is a tiny, and compact display screen that uses TFT technology to render images and text with vibrant colors and a resolution of 128×160 pixels. I. It is frequently embedded in small electronic devices like wearables, cameras, and portable gaming consoles.

Transmitter & Reciever Schematics – LoRa-Based Smart Agriculture

To build my system, I used an Arduino board as the main component. I also use a 1.8-inch TFT SPI display, a TP4056 module for battery charging and protection, a lithium battery, and a solar panel for charging the battery.

Transmitter Part Design & Schematic

Fritzing Circuit – LoRa-Based Smart Agriculture

I used a solar panel because sensor nodes are often placed in remote locations where accessing the power grids is not feasible. By using a solar panel and a Li-ion battery, I can provide continuous power to my sensor node.

Receiver Part Design & Schematic

The transmitter is portable and uses the RYLR998 LoRa module for communication. Here is a complete schematic for the Receiver part.

Fritzing Circuit – LoRa-Based Smart Agriculture

Assemble Transmitter

Assemble the transmitter parts by following the provided instructions and securing the components in their designated positions.

PCB Design & Gerber file for Transmitter

The above schematics have been created using EasyEDA, and they can be easily converted into a PCB layout using the same software.

Download Transmitter File

Soldering All Your Components Onto the Board

Soldering all the components onto the board is the process of attaching the electronic components to their designated positions on the circuit board using solder.

Final Transmitter Hardware Assembly

Integrate circuit hardware into a 3D-printed enclosure for a complete system. Assemble by inserting the Solar panel, battery circuit, and soil moisture sensor into the 3D printed enclosure in designated positions, connect them to the circuit board, arrange the wiring neatly, and confirm the function of the system.

Assemble Receiver

PCB Design & Gerber file for Receiver

Assemble the transmitter by following the provided instructions, attaching the antenna, connecting buttons and connectors, and ensuring secure connections for proper functionality.

Download Receiver File

Soldering All Your Components Onto the Board

Solder all components (Arduino, display, RTC, etc.) onto the receiver board using a soldering iron,

Final Receiver Hardware Assembly

Assemble the receiver by placing the circuit board in an enclosure, connecting the antennas and cables, and performing testing for functionality and performance. Make sure all components are securely assembled before proceeding.

Communication Using RYLR896 LoRa Transceiver

To establish communication between two LoRa modules, they need unique addresses within a network. Each module can be assigned a network id and an address., allowing communication within the same network. and a module with address 0 can receive data from all devices on the network.

Default values exist for frequency, network ID (18), and address (0), which can be changed using AT commands if needed, refer to the datasheet for details. For the current demo project, no changes are necessary.

Sample Code For Test AT Command and Change Baudrate

//>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 01_Test_AT_Command_and_Change_Baudrate
/*
 * In this project Arduino Uno uses serial software to communicate with the Reyax RYLR998 LoRa module.
 * The Reyax RYLR998 module's default baud rate is 115200,
 * the Baud rate had to be changed because the serial software didn't work properly at a baud rate of 115200 (this happened to my Arduino Uno module,
 * i don't know if all Arduino Uno modules have the same problem).
 * So in this session, the Reyax RYLR998 module baud rate is changed to 9600 so that it can work properly with serial software on Arduino Uno.
 * This session also made changes to the Reyax RYLR998 module address.

  Baudrate  : 9600     - AT+IPR=9600
  Address   : 1 || 2   - AT+ADDRESS= 
  NETWORKID : 18       - AT+NETWORKID=18
 */

#include <SoftwareSerial.h>

SoftwareSerial ReyaxLoRa(5, 4); //--> RX, TX

void setup() {
  // put your setup code here, to run once:
  
  // set the data rate for the HardwareSerial port
  Serial.begin(9600);
  Serial.println();
  delay(2000);
  
  // set the data rate for the SoftwareSerial port
  //ReyaxLoRa.begin(9600);
  ReyaxLoRa.begin(9600); //--> 115200 is the Reyax RYLR998 LoRa default baud rate.

  delay(100);

  ReyaxLoRa.print("AT\r\n");
  Serial.print("AT\r\n");
}

void loop() { 
  // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:
  
  if (ReyaxLoRa.available()) Serial.println(ReyaxLoRa.readString());
  if (Serial.available()) ReyaxLoRa.print(Serial.readString());
}
//<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<

//>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 01_Test_AT_Command_and_Change_Baudrate

* In this project Arduino Uno uses serial software to communicate with the Reyax RYLR998 LoRa module.

* The Reyax RYLR998 module's default baud rate is 115200,

* the Baud rate had to be changed because the serial software didn't work properly at a baud rate of 115200 (this happened to my Arduino Uno module,

* i don't know if all Arduino Uno modules have the same problem).

* So in this session, the Reyax RYLR998 module baud rate is changed to 9600 so that it can work properly with serial software on Arduino Uno.

* This session also made changes to the Reyax RYLR998 module address.

Baudrate : 9600 - AT+IPR=9600

Address : 1 || 2 - AT+ADDRESS=

NETWORKID : 18 - AT+NETWORKID=18

#include <SoftwareSerial.h>

SoftwareSerial ReyaxLoRa(5, 4); //--> RX, TX

void setup() {

// put your setup code here, to run once:

// set the data rate for the HardwareSerial port

Serial.begin(9600);

Serial.println();

delay(2000);

// set the data rate for the SoftwareSerial port

//ReyaxLoRa.begin(9600);

ReyaxLoRa.begin(9600); //--> 115200 is the Reyax RYLR998 LoRa default baud rate.

delay(100);

ReyaxLoRa.print("AT\r\n");

Serial.print("AT\r\n");

}

void loop() {

// put your main code here, to run repeatedly:

if (ReyaxLoRa.available()) Serial.println(ReyaxLoRa.readString());

if (Serial.available()) ReyaxLoRa.print(Serial.readString());

}

//<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<

Source Code & Librires

Download and install the required libraries

Adafruit_GFX : https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit-GFX-Library
Adafruit_ST7735 : https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit-ST7735-Library
RTClib: https://github.com/adafruit/RTClib
LowPower: https://github.com/rocketscream/Low-Power
Adafruit_Sensor : https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_Sensor
DHT: https://github.com/adafruit/DHT-sensor-library

Code For Transmitter

/* 
  Slaver/Receiver
  Baudrate  : 9600 - AT+IPR=9600
  Address   : 2    - AT+ADDRESS=2
  NETWORKID : 18   - AT+NETWORKID=18
  
  Set RF Frequency: AT+BAND=915000000 (default)
  
  *** Library *****
- LowPower        : https://github.com/rocketscream/Low-Power
- Adafruit_Sensor : https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_Sensor
- DHT             : https://github.com/adafruit/DHT-sensor-library

*/
// xin chao pro
//=========== Including the libraries.
#include <Arduino.h>
#include "LowPower.h"    
#include <SoftwareSerial.h>
#include <Wire.h> 
#include "Adafruit_Sensor.h"
#include "DHT.h"
#define DHTPIN 6     // what digital pin we're connected to
#define LEDPIN 7     // what digital pin we're connected t
#define DHTTYPE DHT11   // DHT 11
DHT dht(DHTPIN, DHTTYPE);

#define MoisturePin A0
#define VoltagePin A1

float  
VBAT = 0.0000,
VSEN = 0.0000; 
uint8_t avgCount = 2;

// Giá trị độ ẩm đất
uint16_t MoistureValue = 0;
const uint16_t MoistureValueMin = 239;   // wet
const uint16_t MoistureValueMax = 700;   // dry
// Giá trị điện áp pin
float Vref = 5.33;
float VoltageValue = 0;
uint8_t BateryPercent = 0;
// Giá trị độ ẩm không khí
uint8_t HumidityValue    = 0;
uint8_t TemperatureValue = 0;

// Blink LED báo trạng thái
#define LEDPIN 7    // Chân của LED
int ledState = LOW;  // Trạng thái của LED (ban đầu tắt)

// Defines the slave/destination address.
#define slave_Address   02
#define master_Address  01

SoftwareSerial ReyaxLoRa(5, 4); //--> RYLR998_RX, RYLR998_TX

void ReadMoistureValue()
{
  VSEN = 0.000;
  for(int i = 0; i<avgCount; i++){
    VSEN = VSEN + analogRead(MoisturePin);;
  }
  uint16_t RawValue = (VSEN/avgCount);
  if(RawValue < MoistureValueMin) RawValue = MoistureValueMin;
  if(RawValue > MoistureValueMax) RawValue = MoistureValueMax;
  MoistureValue = map(RawValue, MoistureValueMin, MoistureValueMax, 100, 0);
}

void ReadVoltageValue()
{
  VBAT = 0.000;
  for(int i = 0; i<avgCount; i++){
    VBAT = VBAT + analogRead(VoltagePin);;
  }
  float RawValue = (VBAT/avgCount); 
  VoltageValue = (RawValue*Vref)/1024.0;
  uint16_t IntVoltageValue = VoltageValue*100;  // 3.7*100 = 370
  if(IntVoltageValue < 350.0) IntVoltageValue = 350.0;
  if(IntVoltageValue > 420.0) IntVoltageValue = 420.0;
  BateryPercent = map(IntVoltageValue, 350.0, 420.0, 0, 100);
}

void ReadDHT11()
{
  HumidityValue = dht.readHumidity();
  TemperatureValue = dht.readTemperature();
}

//_______________ getValue()_______________ 
// String function to split data based on certain characters.
// Reference : https://www.electroniclinic.com/reyax-lora-based-multiple-sensors-monitoring-using-arduino/
// String getValue(String data, char separator, int index) {
//   int found = 0;
//   int strIndex[] = { 0, -1 };
//   int maxIndex = data.length() - 1;
  
//   for (int i = 0; i <= maxIndex && found <= index; i++) {
//     if (data.charAt(i) == separator || i == maxIndex) {
//       found++;
//       strIndex[0] = strIndex[1] + 1;
//       strIndex[1] = (i == maxIndex) ? i+1 : i;
//     }
//   }
//   return found > index ? data.substring(strIndex[0], strIndex[1]) : "";
// }

// void Serial_Print()
// { 
//   Serial.print("VoltageValue: ");       Serial.print(VoltageValue);
//   Serial.print(" - MoistureValue: ");   Serial.print(MoistureValue);
//   Serial.print(F(" - Humidity: "));     Serial.print(HumidityValue);
//   Serial.print(F("% - Temperature: ")); Serial.print(TemperatureValue);
//   Serial.print("- BateryPercent: ");    Serial.println(BateryPercent);
//   delay(500);
// }

//________ReyaxLoRa_Send()_________
// Subroutine for sending data.
void ReyaxLoRa_Send(int addr, String data_send) {
  String str_Send;
  // AT commands to transmit data. 
  // For more details see the document "LoRa_AT_Command_RYLR998_RYLR498_EN.pdf" in the "AT+SEND" section.
  str_Send = "AT+SEND=" + String(addr) + "," + String(data_send.length()) + "," + data_send + "\r\n";
  ReyaxLoRa.print(str_Send);
  Serial.println();
  Serial.print("Send to Receiver : ");
  Serial.print(str_Send);
  Serial.flush();
}

//__________ ReyaxLoRa_Receive()__________
// Subroutine to receive data.
// void ReyaxLoRa_Receive() {
//   if (ReyaxLoRa.available() > 0 ) {
//     String rcv_Data_String = ReyaxLoRa.readString(); 
    
//     if(rcv_Data_String.indexOf("OK") > 0 || rcv_Data_String.indexOf("ERR") > 0) {
//       Serial.println();
//       Serial.print(F("LoRa Reyax Module Response : "));
//       Serial.println(rcv_Data_String);
//       return;
//     } else {
//       // Print received data or messages.
//       Serial.println(F("Received from Sender : "));
//       Serial.println(rcv_Data_String);
//       Serial.flush();

//       //---------------------------------------- Process incoming data.
//       // For more details see the document "LoRa_AT_Command_RYLR998_RYLR498_EN.pdf" in the section "+RCV".
      
//       //String _addr    = getValue(rcv_Data_String, ',', 0);    //--> address
//       //_addr = _addr.substring(5);
//       //String _length  = getValue(rcv_Data_String, ',', 1);    //--> data length
//       String _message = getValue(rcv_Data_String, ',', 2);    //--> data/message
//       //String _rssi    = getValue(rcv_Data_String, ',', 3);    //--> RSSI
//       //String _snr     = getValue(rcv_Data_String, ',', 4);    //--> SNR
  
//       //Serial.println();
//       //Serial.println(F("Received from Master."));
//       //Serial.print(F("-Addr     : "));
//       //Serial.println(_addr);
//       //Serial.print(F("-Length   : "));
//       //Serial.println(_length);
//       //Serial.print(F("-Message  : "));
//       //Serial.println(_message);
//       //Serial.print(F("-RSSI     : "));
//       //Serial.println(_rssi);
//       //Serial.print(F("-SNR      : "));
//       //Serial.println(_snr);
//       //Serial.flush();

//       ReadDHT11();
//       ReadMoistureValue();
//       ReadVoltageValue();
//       Serial_Print();
  
//       delay(100);

//       // Sends the state of LED_1 and LED_2 to the master.
//       ReyaxLoRa_Send(master_Address, String(TemperatureValue) + "|" + String(HumidityValue) + "|" + String(MoistureValue) + "|" + String(BateryPercent));
//     }
//   }
// }

void LoRaSleepMode()
{
  ReyaxLoRa.print("AT+MODE=1\r\n");  // Sleep Mode
  delay(300);
}

void LoRaTransceiverMode()
{
  ReyaxLoRa.print("AT+MODE=0\r\n");  // Transceiver mode
  delay(300);
}

void setup()
{
  Serial.begin(9600);
  ReyaxLoRa.begin(9600);
  pinMode(LEDPIN, OUTPUT);
  // khởi tạo DHT
  dht.begin();
  LoRaSleepMode();
}

void loop()
{ 
  LoRaTransceiverMode();  // Chuyển sang chế độ Transceiver
  ReadDHT11();
  ReadMoistureValue();
  ReadVoltageValue();
  delay(100);

  ReyaxLoRa_Send(master_Address, String(TemperatureValue) + "|" + String(HumidityValue) + "|" + String(MoistureValue) + "|" + String(BateryPercent));
  delay(500);
  LoRaSleepMode();       // Chuyển sang chế độ Sleep                  
  //LowPower.idle(SLEEP_8S, ADC_OFF, TIMER2_OFF, TIMER1_OFF, TIMER0_OFF, SPI_OFF, USART0_OFF, TWI_OFF); // sleep 8s
  LowPower.powerDown(SLEEP_8S, ADC_OFF, BOD_OFF);  

  //Serial_Print(); // debug
}

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Slaver/Receiver

Baudrate : 9600 - AT+IPR=9600

Address : 2 - AT+ADDRESS=2

NETWORKID : 18 - AT+NETWORKID=18

Set RF Frequency: AT+BAND=915000000 (default)

*** Library *****

- LowPower : https://github.com/rocketscream/Low-Power

- Adafruit_Sensor : https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_Sensor

- DHT : https://github.com/adafruit/DHT-sensor-library

// xin chao pro

//=========== Including the libraries.

#include <Arduino.h>

#include "LowPower.h"

#include <SoftwareSerial.h>

#include <Wire.h>

#include "Adafruit_Sensor.h"

#include "DHT.h"

#define DHTPIN 6 // what digital pin we're connected to

#define LEDPIN 7 // what digital pin we're connected t

#define DHTTYPE DHT11 // DHT 11

DHT dht(DHTPIN, DHTTYPE);

#define MoisturePin A0

#define VoltagePin A1

float

VBAT = 0.0000,

VSEN = 0.0000;

uint8_t avgCount = 2;

// Giá trị độ ẩm đất

uint16_t MoistureValue = 0;

const uint16_t MoistureValueMin = 239; // wet

const uint16_t MoistureValueMax = 700; // dry

// Giá trị điện áp pin

float Vref = 5.33;

float VoltageValue = 0;

uint8_t BateryPercent = 0;

// Giá trị độ ẩm không khí

uint8_t HumidityValue = 0;

uint8_t TemperatureValue = 0;

// Blink LED báo trạng thái

#define LEDPIN 7 // Chân của LED

int ledState = LOW; // Trạng thái của LED (ban đầu tắt)

// Defines the slave/destination address.

#define slave_Address 02

#define master_Address 01

SoftwareSerial ReyaxLoRa(5, 4); //--> RYLR998_RX, RYLR998_TX

void ReadMoistureValue()

{

VSEN = 0.000;

for(int i = 0; i<avgCount; i++){

VSEN = VSEN + analogRead(MoisturePin);;

}

uint16_t RawValue = (VSEN/avgCount);

if(RawValue < MoistureValueMin) RawValue = MoistureValueMin;

if(RawValue > MoistureValueMax) RawValue = MoistureValueMax;

MoistureValue = map(RawValue, MoistureValueMin, MoistureValueMax, 100, 0);

}

void ReadVoltageValue()

{

VBAT = 0.000;

for(int i = 0; i<avgCount; i++){

VBAT = VBAT + analogRead(VoltagePin);;

}

float RawValue = (VBAT/avgCount);

VoltageValue = (RawValue*Vref)/1024.0;

uint16_t IntVoltageValue = VoltageValue*100; // 3.7*100 = 370

if(IntVoltageValue < 350.0) IntVoltageValue = 350.0;

if(IntVoltageValue > 420.0) IntVoltageValue = 420.0;

BateryPercent = map(IntVoltageValue, 350.0, 420.0, 0, 100);

}

void ReadDHT11()

{

HumidityValue = dht.readHumidity();

TemperatureValue = dht.readTemperature();

}

//_______________ getValue()_______________

// String function to split data based on certain characters.

// Reference : https://www.electroniclinic.com/reyax-lora-based-multiple-sensors-monitoring-using-arduino/

// String getValue(String data, char separator, int index) {

// int found = 0;

// int strIndex[] = { 0, -1 };

// int maxIndex = data.length() - 1;

// for (int i = 0; i <= maxIndex && found <= index; i++) {

// if (data.charAt(i) == separator || i == maxIndex) {

// found++;

// strIndex[0] = strIndex[1] + 1;

// strIndex[1] = (i == maxIndex) ? i+1 : i;

// }

// return found > index ? data.substring(strIndex[0], strIndex[1]) : "";

// }

// void Serial_Print()

// {

// Serial.print("VoltageValue: "); Serial.print(VoltageValue);

// Serial.print(" - MoistureValue: "); Serial.print(MoistureValue);

// Serial.print(F(" - Humidity: ")); Serial.print(HumidityValue);

// Serial.print(F("% - Temperature: ")); Serial.print(TemperatureValue);

// Serial.print("- BateryPercent: "); Serial.println(BateryPercent);

// delay(500);

// }

//________ReyaxLoRa_Send()_________

// Subroutine for sending data.

void ReyaxLoRa_Send(int addr, String data_send) {

String str_Send;

// AT commands to transmit data.

// For more details see the document "LoRa_AT_Command_RYLR998_RYLR498_EN.pdf" in the "AT+SEND" section.

str_Send = "AT+SEND=" + String(addr) + "," + String(data_send.length()) + "," + data_send + "\r\n";

ReyaxLoRa.print(str_Send);

Serial.println();

Serial.print("Send to Receiver : ");

Serial.print(str_Send);

Serial.flush();

}

//__________ ReyaxLoRa_Receive()__________

// Subroutine to receive data.

// void ReyaxLoRa_Receive() {

// if (ReyaxLoRa.available() > 0 ) {

// String rcv_Data_String = ReyaxLoRa.readString();

// if(rcv_Data_String.indexOf("OK") > 0 || rcv_Data_String.indexOf("ERR") > 0) {

// Serial.println();

// Serial.print(F("LoRa Reyax Module Response : "));

// Serial.println(rcv_Data_String);

// return;

// } else {

// // Print received data or messages.

// Serial.println(F("Received from Sender : "));

// Serial.println(rcv_Data_String);

// Serial.flush();

// //---------------------------------------- Process incoming data.

// // For more details see the document "LoRa_AT_Command_RYLR998_RYLR498_EN.pdf" in the section "+RCV".

// //String _addr = getValue(rcv_Data_String, ',', 0); //--> address

// //_addr = _addr.substring(5);

// //String _length = getValue(rcv_Data_String, ',', 1); //--> data length

// String _message = getValue(rcv_Data_String, ',', 2); //--> data/message

// //String _rssi = getValue(rcv_Data_String, ',', 3); //--> RSSI

// //String _snr = getValue(rcv_Data_String, ',', 4); //--> SNR

// //Serial.println();

// //Serial.println(F("Received from Master."));

// //Serial.print(F("-Addr : "));

// //Serial.println(_addr);

// //Serial.print(F("-Length : "));

// //Serial.println(_length);

// //Serial.print(F("-Message : "));

// //Serial.println(_message);

// //Serial.print(F("-RSSI : "));

// //Serial.println(_rssi);

// //Serial.print(F("-SNR : "));

// //Serial.println(_snr);

// //Serial.flush();

// ReadDHT11();

// ReadMoistureValue();

// ReadVoltageValue();

// Serial_Print();

// delay(100);

// // Sends the state of LED_1 and LED_2 to the master.

// ReyaxLoRa_Send(master_Address, String(TemperatureValue) + "|" + String(HumidityValue) + "|" + String(MoistureValue) + "|" + String(BateryPercent));

// }

void LoRaSleepMode()

{

ReyaxLoRa.print("AT+MODE=1\r\n"); // Sleep Mode

delay(300);

}

void LoRaTransceiverMode()

{

ReyaxLoRa.print("AT+MODE=0\r\n"); // Transceiver mode

delay(300);

}

void setup()

{

Serial.begin(9600);

ReyaxLoRa.begin(9600);

pinMode(LEDPIN, OUTPUT);

// khởi tạo DHT

dht.begin();

LoRaSleepMode();

}

void loop()

{

LoRaTransceiverMode(); // Chuyển sang chế độ Transceiver

ReadDHT11();

ReadMoistureValue();

ReadVoltageValue();

delay(100);

ReyaxLoRa_Send(master_Address, String(TemperatureValue) + "|" + String(HumidityValue) + "|" + String(MoistureValue) + "|" + String(BateryPercent));

delay(500);

LoRaSleepMode(); // Chuyển sang chế độ Sleep

//LowPower.idle(SLEEP_8S, ADC_OFF, TIMER2_OFF, TIMER1_OFF, TIMER0_OFF, SPI_OFF, USART0_OFF, TWI_OFF); // sleep 8s

LowPower.powerDown(SLEEP_8S, ADC_OFF, BOD_OFF);

//Serial_Print(); // debug

}

Copy the code into the Arduino IDE, connect the Arduino board via USB, and upload the code.

Code For Reciever

/* 
  **** Master/Sender ****
  Baudrate  : 9600 - AT+IPR=9600
  Address   : 1    - AT+ADDRESS=1
  NETWORKID : 18   - AT+NETWORKID=18
  
  *** Library *****
- Adafruit_GFX    : https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit-GFX-Library
- Adafruit_ST7735 : https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit-ST7735-Library
- RTClib          : https://github.com/adafruit/RTClib

Date  : 16/05/2023
Update: 

*/

//==================Including the libraries==================
#include <Arduino.h>                   
#include <SoftwareSerial.h>
#include <Adafruit_GFX.h>    // Core graphics library
#include <Adafruit_ST7735.h> // Hardware-specific library for ST7735
#include <SPI.h>
#include <icon.h>
#include "RTClib.h"
#include <EEPROM.h>
#define ONBuzzer   1
#define OFFBuzzer  0
// Information
#define Model          "Model: 4E0523GSDA   "
#define SeriaNumber    "S/N  : SN01         "
#define FirmwareVision "FW   : V1.0 328P    "
#define Author         "      4E Projects   "
#define SDT            "     036.788.0317   "
#define Origin         "   Made in VietNam  "

// Defines the slave/destination address.
#define slave_Address   02
#define master_Address  01

// Initialize "SoftwareSerial" and set the PIN used for RX and TX.
SoftwareSerial ReyaxLoRa(5, 4); //--> RX, TX
#define Down_Pin A0
#define Enter_Pin A1
#define Up_Pin A2
#define Buzzer_Pin A3

const unsigned long TIMEOUT = 20000;    // Thời gian chờ tối đa (20 giây)
unsigned long lastSerialTime = -20000;    // Lưu thời gian gửi tin nhắn gần nhất

const unsigned long interval1On = 500;  // Thời gian sáng LED thứ nhất (1 giây)
const unsigned long interval1Off = 60000;  // Thời gian tắt LED thứ nhất (60 giây)
const unsigned long interval2On = 1000;  // Thời gian sáng LED thứ hai (1 giây)
const unsigned long interval2Off = 1000;  // Thời gian tắt LED thứ hai (1 giây)

unsigned long previousMillis1 = 0;  // Lưu trữ thời gian millis() gần nhất cho LED thứ nhất
unsigned long previousMillis2 = 0;  // Lưu trữ thời gian millis() gần nhất cho LED thứ hai
bool ledState1 = false;  // Trạng thái hiện tại của LED thứ nhất
bool textState = false;  // Trạng thái hiện tại của LED thứ hai

// initialize RTC library
RTC_DS1307 rtc;
DateTime   now;

// For LCD 1.8inch ST7735
#define TFT_CS        10
#define TFT_RST        8 // Or set to -1 and connect to Arduino RESET pin
#define TFT_DC         9
// LED-3.3V ; SCK-D13 ; SDA-D11

Adafruit_ST7735 tft = Adafruit_ST7735(TFT_CS, TFT_DC, TFT_RST);
// color definitions
const uint16_t  Display_Color_Black            = 0x0000;
const uint16_t  Display_Color_Backgroup        = 0x0000; // Black
const uint16_t  Display_Color_Blue             = 0x023e;
const uint16_t  Display_Color_Red              = 0xF800;
const uint16_t  Display_Color_Green            = 0x07E0;
const uint16_t  Display_Color_Cyan             = 0x07FF;
const uint16_t  Display_Color_Magenta          = 0xF81F;
const uint16_t  Display_Color_Yellow           = 0xFFE0;
const uint16_t  Display_Color_White            = 0xFFFF;

String TemperatureValue;
String HumidityValue;
String MoistureValue;
String BateryPercent;
int w_BateryPercent = 1;  // 1->22 px
uint16_t BatteryColor;

unsigned long previousMillisDisplay = -20000;  
//unsigned long currentMillisDisplay  = 0;
const uint16_t timeDisplay = 20000;   

int8_t BuzzerState = 0;
String _rssi;

int16_t
state = 0,   
pre_state = 1;

// Vị trí Text TimeSet DaySet |  Desired text size. 1 is default 6x8, 2 is 12x16, 3 is 18x24, etc   11-22-2023
uint8_t day_x_pos         = 64;
uint8_t month_x_pos       = day_x_pos + 6*3;
uint8_t year_x_pos        = day_x_pos + 6*8;
uint8_t hour_x_pos        = 70;
uint8_t minute_x_pos      = hour_x_pos + 6*3;
uint8_t buzzer_x_pos      = 64;
uint8_t date_y_pos        = 30;
uint8_t time_y_pos        = 40;
uint8_t buzzer_y_pos      = 50;
uint8_t addr_slave_y_pos  = 60;
uint8_t addr_master_y_pos = 70;

void EEPROM_SaveSetting()
{
  EEPROM.update(0, BuzzerState);

}
void EEPROM_LoadSetting()
{
  EEPROM.get(0, BuzzerState);
}

void RTC_display()
{   
    char _buffer[11];
    char dow_matrix[7][10] = {" SUNDAY  ", " MONDAY  ", " TUESDAY ", "WEDNESDAY", " THURSDAY", " FRIDAY  ", " SATURDAY"};
    // print time
    tft.setTextSize(2);
    sprintf( _buffer, "%02u:%02u:%02u", now.hour(), now.minute(), now.second() );
    tft.setCursor(0, 7);
    tft.setTextColor(ST7735_RED, Display_Color_Backgroup);
    tft.print(_buffer);
    // print date
    sprintf( _buffer, "%02u/%02u/%04u", now.day(), now.month(), now.year() );
    tft.setTextSize(1);
    tft.setFont();
    tft.setTextColor(ST7735_YELLOW, Display_Color_Backgroup);
    tft.setCursor(99, 14);
    tft.print(_buffer);
    // print day of the week
    tft.setCursor(102, 4);
    tft.print( dow_matrix[now.dayOfTheWeek()] );
  
}

void Screen1Data()
{ 
  RTC_display();  // Hiển thị thời gian, ngày tháng - display time, date
  tft.setTextSize(1); 
  tft.setTextColor(ST7735_WHITE, Display_Color_Blue);
  // Giá trị nhiệt độ môi trường
  tft.setCursor(14, 47);
  tft.print(TemperatureValue); 
  tft.drawCircle(30, 48, 1, ST7735_WHITE);  // print degree symbol ( ° )
  tft.setCursor(34, 47);
  tft.print("C");
  // Giá trị độ ẩm môi trường
  tft.setCursor(87, 47);
  tft.print(HumidityValue); tft.print("% ");
  // Giá trị độ ẩm đất
  tft.setCursor(14, 85);
  tft.print(MoistureValue); tft.print("% ");
  // Giá trị phần trăm pin
  tft.setCursor(87, 85);
  tft.print(BateryPercent); tft.print("% ");
  w_BateryPercent = map(BateryPercent.toInt(), 0, 100, 1, 22);
  if(w_BateryPercent < 1) w_BateryPercent = 1;
  if(w_BateryPercent > 22) w_BateryPercent = 22;
  if(BateryPercent.toInt() > 70) BatteryColor = ST7735_GREEN;
  else if(BateryPercent.toInt() <= 70 && BateryPercent.toInt() > 30 ) BatteryColor = ST7735_YELLOW;
  else if(BateryPercent.toInt() <= 30) BatteryColor = ST7735_RED;
  tft.fillRect(121, 81, w_BateryPercent, 13, BatteryColor);
  tft.fillRect(121 + w_BateryPercent, 81, 22 - w_BateryPercent, 13, Display_Color_Backgroup);
  // RSSI
  tft.setTextColor(ST7735_GREEN, Display_Color_Backgroup);
  tft.setCursor(127, 113);
  tft.print(":"); tft.print(_rssi);
}

void Screen1_display()
{ 
  if(state != pre_state) 
  { 
    tft.fillScreen(Display_Color_Backgroup);
    pre_state = state;
    tft.drawLine(0,27,160,27,ST7735_WHITE);
    // Nhiệt độ
    tft.fillRect(10, 33, 69, 35, Display_Color_Blue);
    tft.setTextSize(1);
    tft.setTextColor(ST7735_WHITE);
    tft.setCursor(14, 37);
    tft.print("Temp");
    tft.drawBitmap(55, 35, TempIcon, 16, 28, ST7735_WHITE);
    // Độ ẩm Không khí
    tft.fillRect(82, 33, 69, 35, Display_Color_Blue);
    tft.setTextSize(1);
    tft.setTextColor(ST7735_WHITE);
    tft.setCursor(87, 37);
    tft.print("Hum");
    tft.drawBitmap(126, 35, HumIcon, 18, 25, ST7735_WHITE);
    // Độ ẩm Đất
    tft.fillRect(10, 71, 69, 35, Display_Color_Blue);
    tft.setTextSize(1);
    tft.setTextColor(ST7735_WHITE);
    tft.setCursor(14, 75);
    tft.print("Soil");
    tft.drawBitmap(48, 73, SoilIcon, 26, 26, ST7735_WHITE);
    // Phần trăm pin
    tft.fillRect(82, 71, 69, 35, Display_Color_Blue);
    tft.setTextSize(1);
    tft.setTextColor(ST7735_WHITE);
    tft.setCursor(87, 75);
    tft.print("Bat");
    tft.drawBitmap(118, 78, BatteryIcon, 30, 19, ST7735_WHITE);
    // Cường độ tín hiệu
    tft.drawBitmap(105, 110, SignalIcon, 18, 13, ST7735_GREEN);
  } 
  Screen1Data();
}

// a small function for button1 (B1) debounce
bool debounce ()
{
  byte count = 0;
  for(byte i = 0; i < 6; i++)
  {
    if ( !digitalRead(Enter_Pin) )
      count++;
    delay(10);
  }
  if(count > 2)  return 1;
  else           return 0;
}

byte edit(int8_t parameter)
{
  static byte i = 0, y_pos,
              x_pos[6] = {day_x_pos, month_x_pos, year_x_pos, hour_x_pos, minute_x_pos, buzzer_x_pos };
  char text[3];
  sprintf(text,"%02u", parameter);

  if(i < 3) {
    tft.setTextColor(ST7735_YELLOW, ST7735_BLUE);     // set text color to green and black background
    y_pos = date_y_pos;
  }
  if(i > 2  && i < 4){
    tft.setTextColor(ST7735_YELLOW, ST7735_BLUE);     // set text color to yellow and black background
    y_pos = time_y_pos;
  }
  if(i > 4 ){
    tft.setTextColor(ST7735_YELLOW, ST7735_BLUE);     // set text color to yellow and black background
    y_pos = buzzer_y_pos;
  }

  while( debounce() );   // call debounce function (wait for B1 to be released)

  while(true) {
    while( !digitalRead(Up_Pin) && digitalRead(Down_Pin) ) {  // while B2 is pressed
      parameter++;
      if(i == 0 && parameter > 31)    // if day > 31 ==> day = 1
        parameter = 1;
      if(i == 1 && parameter > 12)    // If month > 12 ==> month = 1
        parameter = 1;
      if(i == 2 && parameter > 99)    // If year > 99 ==> year = 0
        parameter = 0;
      if(i == 3 && parameter > 23)    // if hours > 23 ==> hours = 0
        parameter = 0;
      if(i == 4 && parameter > 59)    // if minutes > 59 ==> minutes = 0
        parameter = 0;
      if(i == 5 && parameter > 1)    // if minutes > 59 ==> minutes = 0
        parameter = 0;  

      sprintf(text,"%02u", parameter);
      tft.setCursor(x_pos[i], y_pos);
      tft.print(text);
      delay(200);       // wait 200ms
    }
    while( !digitalRead(Down_Pin) && digitalRead(Up_Pin) ) {  // while B2 is pressed
      parameter--;
      if(i == 0 && parameter < 01)    // if day <  01 ==> day = 31
        parameter = 31;
      if(i == 1 && parameter < 01)    // If month < 01 ==> month = 12
        parameter = 12;
      if(i == 2 && parameter < 00)    // If year < 00 > ==> year = 99
        parameter = 99;
      if(i == 3 && parameter < 00)    // if hours < 00 ==> hours = 23
        parameter = 23;
      if(i == 4 && parameter < 00)    // if minutes < 00 ==> minutes = 59
        parameter = 5;
      if(i == 5 && parameter < 00)    // if minutes < 00 ==> minutes = 59
        parameter = 1;  

      sprintf(text,"%02u", parameter);
      tft.setCursor(x_pos[i], y_pos);
      tft.print(text);
      delay(200);       // wait 200ms
    }
    

    tft.fillRect(x_pos[i], y_pos, 12, 9, ST7735_BLUE);  // fill nhấp nháy ô được chọn
    unsigned long previous_m = millis();
    while( (millis() - previous_m < 250) && digitalRead(Enter_Pin) && digitalRead(Up_Pin) && digitalRead(Down_Pin)) ;
    tft.setCursor(x_pos[i], y_pos);
    tft.print(text);
    previous_m = millis();
    while( (millis() - previous_m < 250) && digitalRead(Enter_Pin) && digitalRead(Up_Pin) && digitalRead(Down_Pin)) ;

    if(!digitalRead(Enter_Pin))
    {                     // if button B1 is pressed
      i = (i + 1) % 6;    // increment 'i' for the next parameter
      return parameter;   // return parameter value and exit
    }
  }
}
void RTC_Setting_display()
{ 
  char _buffer[11];
  // print date
  sprintf( _buffer, "%02u-%02u-%04u", now.day(), now.month(), now.year() );
  tft.setCursor(4, date_y_pos);
  tft.setTextColor(ST7735_YELLOW, ST7735_BLUE);     // set text color to yellow and black background
  tft.print("> Set Day:");
  tft.print(_buffer);
  // print time
  sprintf( _buffer, "%02u:%02u:%02u", now.hour(), now.minute(), now.second() );
  tft.setCursor(4, time_y_pos);
  tft.setTextColor(ST7735_YELLOW, ST7735_BLUE);     // set text color to green and black background
  tft.print("> Set Time:");
  tft.print(_buffer);
   // 
  sprintf( _buffer, "%02u", BuzzerState );
  tft.setCursor(4, buzzer_y_pos );
  tft.setTextColor(ST7735_YELLOW, ST7735_BLUE);     // set text color to green and black background
  tft.print("> Buzzer: ");
  tft.print(_buffer);
  // 
  tft.setCursor(4, addr_slave_y_pos);
  tft.setTextColor(ST7735_YELLOW, ST7735_BLUE);     // set text color to green and black background
  tft.print("> Slave Address: ");
  tft.print(slave_Address);
  tft.setCursor(4, addr_master_y_pos);
  tft.setTextColor(ST7735_YELLOW, ST7735_BLUE);     // set text color to green and black background
  tft.print("> Master Address: ");
  tft.print(master_Address);
  // 
  sprintf( _buffer, "%02u", BuzzerState );
  tft.setCursor(4, buzzer_y_pos );
  tft.setTextColor(ST7735_YELLOW, ST7735_BLUE);     // set text color to green and black background
  tft.print("> Buzzer: ");
  tft.print(_buffer);
}
void Screen2_display()
{ 
  digitalWrite(Buzzer_Pin, LOW); 
  if(state != pre_state) 
  { 
    pre_state = state;
    tft.fillScreen(ST7735_BLUE);
    tft.drawLine(0, 25, 160, 25,ST7735_WHITE);
    tft.setTextSize(2);
    tft.setTextColor(ST7735_YELLOW);
    tft.setCursor(13, 4);
    tft.print("Information");
    tft.fillRect(0, 88, 160, 40, ST7735_WHITE);
    tft.setTextSize(1);
    tft.setTextColor(ST7735_BLACK);
    tft.setCursor(4, 90);
    tft.print(Model);
    tft.setCursor(4, 99);
    tft.print(SeriaNumber);
    tft.setCursor(4, 108);
    tft.print(FirmwareVision);
    tft.setCursor(4, 117);
    tft.setTextColor(ST7735_RED);
    tft.print(Author);
  }
  
  tft.setTextSize(1);
  if( !digitalRead(Enter_Pin) )  // if B1 is pressed
  if( debounce() )             // call debounce function (make sure B1 is pressed)
  {
    while( debounce() );  // call debounce function (wait for B1 to be released)
    //DateTime now = rtc.now();
    byte day    = edit( now.day() );          // edit date
    byte month  = edit( now.month() );        // edit month
    byte year   = edit( now.year() - 2000 );  // edit year
    byte hour   = edit( now.hour() );         // edit hours
    byte minute = edit( now.minute() );       // edit minutes
    BuzzerState = edit(BuzzerState);
    EEPROM_SaveSetting();
    // write time & date data to the RTC chip
    rtc.adjust(DateTime(2000 + year, month, day, hour, minute, 0));

    while(debounce());  // call debounce function (wait for button B1 to be released)
  }

  RTC_Setting_display();
}
void ButtonHandle()
{
  if (!digitalRead(Down_Pin)) 
  { 
    if (state == 2) state = 0;
    else state += 1;
    delay(200);
  }
}
//___________ getValue() ___________ 
String getValue(String data, char separator, int index) {
  int found = 0;
  int strIndex[] = { 0, -1 };
  int maxIndex = data.length() - 1;
  
  for (int i = 0; i <= maxIndex && found <= index; i++) {
    if (data.charAt(i) == separator || i == maxIndex) {
      found++;
      strIndex[0] = strIndex[1] + 1;
      strIndex[1] = (i == maxIndex) ? i+1 : i;
    }
  }
  return found > index ? data.substring(strIndex[0], strIndex[1]) : "";
}

//___________ ReyaxLoRa_Send() ___________
void ReyaxLoRa_Send(int addr, String data_send) {
  String str_Send;
  // AT commands to transmit data. 
  // For more details see the document "LoRa_AT_Command_RYLR998_RYLR498_EN.pdf" in the "AT+SEND" section.
  str_Send = "AT+SEND=" + String(addr) + "," + String(data_send.length()) + "," + data_send + "\r\n";
  ReyaxLoRa.print(str_Send);
  Serial.println();
  Serial.print("Send to Slave : ");
  Serial.print(str_Send);
  Serial.flush();
} 

//___________ ReyaxLoRa_Receive() ___________
void ReyaxLoRa_Receive() {
  if (ReyaxLoRa.available() > 0 ) {
    lastSerialTime = millis();    // Lưu thời gian gần nhất nhận được tín hiệu
    String rcv_Data_String = ReyaxLoRa.readString();
    if(rcv_Data_String.indexOf("OK") > 0 || rcv_Data_String.indexOf("ERR") > 0) {
      Serial.println();
      Serial.print(F("LoRa Reyax Module Response : "));
      Serial.println(rcv_Data_String);
      Serial.flush();
      return;
    } else {
      // Print received data or messages.
      Serial.println(F("Received from Sender : "));
      Serial.println(rcv_Data_String);
      Serial.flush();

      //---------------------------------------- Process incoming data.
      // For more details see the document "LoRa_AT_Command_RYLR998_RYLR498_EN.pdf" in the section "+RCV".
      
      //String _addr    = getValue(rcv_Data_String, ',', 0);    //--> address
      //_addr = _addr.substring(5);
      //String _length  = getValue(rcv_Data_String, ',', 1);    //--> data length
      String _message = getValue(rcv_Data_String, ',', 2);    //--> data/message
      _rssi    = getValue(rcv_Data_String, ',', 3);    //--> RSSI
      Serial.print(F("RSSI : "));
      Serial.println(_rssi);
      //String _snr     = getValue(rcv_Data_String, ',', 4);    //--> SNR
  
      //Serial.println();
      //Serial.println(F("Received from Sender."));
      //Serial.print(F("-Addr     : "));
      //Serial.println(_addr);
      //Serial.print(F("-Length   : "));
      //Serial.println(_length);
      //Serial.print(F("-Message  : "));
      //Serial.println(_message);
      //Serial.print(F("-RSSI     : "));
      //Serial.println(_rssi);
      //Serial.print(F("-SNR      : "));
      //Serial.println(_snr);
      //Serial.flush();.
      TemperatureValue = getValue(_message, '|', 0);
      HumidityValue = getValue(_message, '|', 1);
      MoistureValue = getValue(_message, '|', 2);
      BateryPercent = getValue(_message, '|', 3);
    }
  }
}
void AllowBuzzer(uint8_t BuzzerValue, uint8_t value)
{ 
  if(value) digitalWrite(Buzzer_Pin, BuzzerValue); 
  else digitalWrite(Buzzer_Pin, LOW); 
  
}
// Thông báo mất tín hiệu - Signal loss notification
void SignalLoss()
{
  tft.setTextSize(1);
  tft.setCursor(10, 113);
  tft.setTextColor(ST7735_WHITE, Display_Color_Backgroup);
  if (millis() - lastSerialTime > TIMEOUT) {    // Nếu thời gian chờ tối đa đã vượt quá
    unsigned long currentMillis = millis();  // Lấy thời gian millis() hiện tại

  // LED thứ nhất
  if (ledState1 == false && currentMillis - previousMillis1 >= interval1Off) {
    ledState1 = true;
    previousMillis1 = currentMillis;
  }
  else if (ledState1 == true && currentMillis - previousMillis1 >= interval1On) {
    ledState1 = false;
    previousMillis1 = currentMillis;
  }
  AllowBuzzer(ledState1, BuzzerState);
  // LED thứ hai
  if (textState == false && currentMillis - previousMillis2 >= interval2Off) {
    textState = true;
    previousMillis2 = currentMillis;
    tft.setTextColor(ST7735_WHITE, ST7735_RED);
    tft.print("Signal Loss");
  }
  else if (textState == true && currentMillis - previousMillis2 >= interval2On) {
    textState = false;
    previousMillis2 = currentMillis;
    tft.setTextColor(ST7735_WHITE, Display_Color_Backgroup);
    tft.print("           ");
  }

    
    // if (millis() - lastBlinkTime > 1000) { // Nếu đã đủ thời gian để nhấp nháy LED
    //   buzzerState = !buzzerState;    // Đảo trạng thái của LED
    //   // AllowBuzzer(buzzerState, BuzzerState);
    //   if(buzzerState == 0) {
    //     tft.setTextColor(ST7735_WHITE, ST7735_RED);
    //     tft.print("Signal Loss");
    //   }
    //   if(buzzerState == 1) {
    //     tft.setTextColor(ST7735_WHITE, Display_Color_Backgroup);
    //     tft.print("           ");
    //   }
    //   lastBlinkTime = millis(); // Lưu thời gian nhấp nháy gần nhất
    // }
  } 

  else {
  tft.print("           "); 
  digitalWrite(Buzzer_Pin, LOW);    // Tắt đèn LED nếu còn nhận được tín hiệu
  // lastBlinkTime = millis(); // Lưu thời gian nhấp nháy gần nhất
  }
}
//_____________ VOID SETUP() _____________
void setup() {
  pinMode(Buzzer_Pin, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(Up_Pin, INPUT_PULLUP);
  pinMode(Enter_Pin, INPUT_PULLUP);
  pinMode(Down_Pin, INPUT_PULLUP);
  Serial.begin(9600);
  // set the data rate for the SoftwareSerial port.
  ReyaxLoRa.begin(9600);
  // initialize RTC chip
  rtc.begin();   
  //rtc.adjust(DateTime(2023, 5, 14, 12, 23, 0));
  // Use this initializer if using a 1.8" TFT screen:
  tft.initR(INITR_BLACKTAB);      // Init ST7735S chip, black tab
  tft.setRotation(1);  // 0->3
 // tft.fillScreen(ST7735_BLACK);  // fill screen with black color
  tft.fillScreen(Display_Color_Backgroup);
  EEPROM_LoadSetting();
} 

//________________VOID LOOP()_______________
void loop() { 
  ButtonHandle();
  now = rtc.now();  // read current time and date from the RTC chip

  switch (state) {
    case 0:
      Screen1_display();
      SignalLoss();
      ReyaxLoRa_Receive();
      break;
    case 1:
      Screen2_display();
      break;
  }
  //Serial.println(debounce());
}

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**** Master/Sender ****

Baudrate : 9600 - AT+IPR=9600

Address : 1 - AT+ADDRESS=1

NETWORKID : 18 - AT+NETWORKID=18

*** Library *****

- Adafruit_GFX : https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit-GFX-Library

- Adafruit_ST7735 : https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit-ST7735-Library

- RTClib : https://github.com/adafruit/RTClib

Date : 16/05/2023

Update:

//==================Including the libraries==================

#include <Arduino.h>

#include <SoftwareSerial.h>

#include <Adafruit_GFX.h> // Core graphics library

#include <Adafruit_ST7735.h> // Hardware-specific library for ST7735

#include <SPI.h>

#include <icon.h>

#include "RTClib.h"

#include <EEPROM.h>

#define ONBuzzer 1

#define OFFBuzzer 0

// Information

#define Model "Model: 4E0523GSDA "

#define SeriaNumber "S/N : SN01 "

#define FirmwareVision "FW : V1.0 328P "

#define Author " 4E Projects "

#define SDT " 036.788.0317 "

#define Origin " Made in VietNam "

// Defines the slave/destination address.

#define slave_Address 02

#define master_Address 01

// Initialize "SoftwareSerial" and set the PIN used for RX and TX.

SoftwareSerial ReyaxLoRa(5, 4); //--> RX, TX

#define Down_Pin A0

#define Enter_Pin A1

#define Up_Pin A2

#define Buzzer_Pin A3

const unsigned long TIMEOUT = 20000; // Thời gian chờ tối đa (20 giây)

unsigned long lastSerialTime = -20000; // Lưu thời gian gửi tin nhắn gần nhất

const unsigned long interval1On = 500; // Thời gian sáng LED thứ nhất (1 giây)

const unsigned long interval1Off = 60000; // Thời gian tắt LED thứ nhất (60 giây)

const unsigned long interval2On = 1000; // Thời gian sáng LED thứ hai (1 giây)

const unsigned long interval2Off = 1000; // Thời gian tắt LED thứ hai (1 giây)

unsigned long previousMillis1 = 0; // Lưu trữ thời gian millis() gần nhất cho LED thứ nhất

unsigned long previousMillis2 = 0; // Lưu trữ thời gian millis() gần nhất cho LED thứ hai

bool ledState1 = false; // Trạng thái hiện tại của LED thứ nhất

bool textState = false; // Trạng thái hiện tại của LED thứ hai

// initialize RTC library

RTC_DS1307 rtc;

DateTime now;

// For LCD 1.8inch ST7735

#define TFT_CS 10

#define TFT_RST 8 // Or set to -1 and connect to Arduino RESET pin

#define TFT_DC 9

// LED-3.3V ; SCK-D13 ; SDA-D11

Adafruit_ST7735 tft = Adafruit_ST7735(TFT_CS, TFT_DC, TFT_RST);

// color definitions

const uint16_t Display_Color_Black = 0x0000;

const uint16_t Display_Color_Backgroup = 0x0000; // Black

const uint16_t Display_Color_Blue = 0x023e;

const uint16_t Display_Color_Red = 0xF800;

const uint16_t Display_Color_Green = 0x07E0;

const uint16_t Display_Color_Cyan = 0x07FF;

const uint16_t Display_Color_Magenta = 0xF81F;

const uint16_t Display_Color_Yellow = 0xFFE0;

const uint16_t Display_Color_White = 0xFFFF;

String TemperatureValue;

String HumidityValue;

String MoistureValue;

String BateryPercent;

int w_BateryPercent = 1; // 1->22 px

uint16_t BatteryColor;

unsigned long previousMillisDisplay = -20000;

//unsigned long currentMillisDisplay = 0;

const uint16_t timeDisplay = 20000;

int8_t BuzzerState = 0;

String _rssi;

int16_t

state = 0,

pre_state = 1;

// Vị trí Text TimeSet DaySet | Desired text size. 1 is default 6x8, 2 is 12x16, 3 is 18x24, etc 11-22-2023

uint8_t day_x_pos = 64;

uint8_t month_x_pos = day_x_pos + 6*3;

uint8_t year_x_pos = day_x_pos + 6*8;

uint8_t hour_x_pos = 70;

uint8_t minute_x_pos = hour_x_pos + 6*3;

uint8_t buzzer_x_pos = 64;

uint8_t date_y_pos = 30;

uint8_t time_y_pos = 40;

uint8_t buzzer_y_pos = 50;

uint8_t addr_slave_y_pos = 60;

uint8_t addr_master_y_pos = 70;

void EEPROM_SaveSetting()

{

EEPROM.update(0, BuzzerState);

}

void EEPROM_LoadSetting()

{

EEPROM.get(0, BuzzerState);

}

void RTC_display()

{

char _buffer[11];

char dow_matrix[7][10] = {" SUNDAY ", " MONDAY ", " TUESDAY ", "WEDNESDAY", " THURSDAY", " FRIDAY ", " SATURDAY"};

// print time

tft.setTextSize(2);

sprintf( _buffer, "%02u:%02u:%02u", now.hour(), now.minute(), now.second() );

tft.setCursor(0, 7);

tft.setTextColor(ST7735_RED, Display_Color_Backgroup);

tft.print(_buffer);

// print date

sprintf( _buffer, "%02u/%02u/%04u", now.day(), now.month(), now.year() );

tft.setTextSize(1);

tft.setFont();

tft.setTextColor(ST7735_YELLOW, Display_Color_Backgroup);

tft.setCursor(99, 14);

tft.print(_buffer);

// print day of the week

tft.setCursor(102, 4);

tft.print( dow_matrix[now.dayOfTheWeek()] );

}

void Screen1Data()

{

RTC_display(); // Hiển thị thời gian, ngày tháng - display time, date

tft.setTextSize(1);

tft.setTextColor(ST7735_WHITE, Display_Color_Blue);

// Giá trị nhiệt độ môi trường

tft.setCursor(14, 47);

tft.print(TemperatureValue);

tft.drawCircle(30, 48, 1, ST7735_WHITE); // print degree symbol ( ° )

tft.setCursor(34, 47);

tft.print("C");

// Giá trị độ ẩm môi trường

tft.setCursor(87, 47);

tft.print(HumidityValue); tft.print("% ");

// Giá trị độ ẩm đất

tft.setCursor(14, 85);

tft.print(MoistureValue); tft.print("% ");

// Giá trị phần trăm pin

tft.setCursor(87, 85);

tft.print(BateryPercent); tft.print("% ");

w_BateryPercent = map(BateryPercent.toInt(), 0, 100, 1, 22);

if(w_BateryPercent < 1) w_BateryPercent = 1;

if(w_BateryPercent > 22) w_BateryPercent = 22;

if(BateryPercent.toInt() > 70) BatteryColor = ST7735_GREEN;

else if(BateryPercent.toInt() <= 70 && BateryPercent.toInt() > 30 ) BatteryColor = ST7735_YELLOW;

else if(BateryPercent.toInt() <= 30) BatteryColor = ST7735_RED;

tft.fillRect(121, 81, w_BateryPercent, 13, BatteryColor);

tft.fillRect(121 + w_BateryPercent, 81, 22 - w_BateryPercent, 13, Display_Color_Backgroup);

// RSSI

tft.setTextColor(ST7735_GREEN, Display_Color_Backgroup);

tft.setCursor(127, 113);

tft.print(":"); tft.print(_rssi);

}

void Screen1_display()

{

if(state != pre_state)

{

tft.fillScreen(Display_Color_Backgroup);

pre_state = state;

tft.drawLine(0,27,160,27,ST7735_WHITE);

// Nhiệt độ

tft.fillRect(10, 33, 69, 35, Display_Color_Blue);

tft.setTextSize(1);

tft.setTextColor(ST7735_WHITE);

tft.setCursor(14, 37);

tft.print("Temp");

tft.drawBitmap(55, 35, TempIcon, 16, 28, ST7735_WHITE);

// Độ ẩm Không khí

tft.fillRect(82, 33, 69, 35, Display_Color_Blue);

tft.setTextSize(1);

tft.setTextColor(ST7735_WHITE);

tft.setCursor(87, 37);

tft.print("Hum");

tft.drawBitmap(126, 35, HumIcon, 18, 25, ST7735_WHITE);

// Độ ẩm Đất

tft.fillRect(10, 71, 69, 35, Display_Color_Blue);

tft.setTextSize(1);

tft.setTextColor(ST7735_WHITE);

tft.setCursor(14, 75);

tft.print("Soil");

tft.drawBitmap(48, 73, SoilIcon, 26, 26, ST7735_WHITE);

// Phần trăm pin

tft.fillRect(82, 71, 69, 35, Display_Color_Blue);

tft.setTextSize(1);

tft.setTextColor(ST7735_WHITE);

tft.setCursor(87, 75);

tft.print("Bat");

tft.drawBitmap(118, 78, BatteryIcon, 30, 19, ST7735_WHITE);

// Cường độ tín hiệu

tft.drawBitmap(105, 110, SignalIcon, 18, 13, ST7735_GREEN);

}

Screen1Data();

}

// a small function for button1 (B1) debounce

bool debounce ()

{

byte count = 0;

for(byte i = 0; i < 6; i++)

{

if ( !digitalRead(Enter_Pin) )

count++;

delay(10);

}

if(count > 2) return 1;

else return 0;

}

byte edit(int8_t parameter)

{

static byte i = 0, y_pos,

x_pos[6] = {day_x_pos, month_x_pos, year_x_pos, hour_x_pos, minute_x_pos, buzzer_x_pos };

char text[3];

sprintf(text,"%02u", parameter);

if(i < 3) {

tft.setTextColor(ST7735_YELLOW, ST7735_BLUE); // set text color to green and black background

y_pos = date_y_pos;

}

if(i > 2 && i < 4){

tft.setTextColor(ST7735_YELLOW, ST7735_BLUE); // set text color to yellow and black background

y_pos = time_y_pos;

}

if(i > 4 ){

tft.setTextColor(ST7735_YELLOW, ST7735_BLUE); // set text color to yellow and black background

y_pos = buzzer_y_pos;

}

while( debounce() ); // call debounce function (wait for B1 to be released)

while(true) {

while( !digitalRead(Up_Pin) && digitalRead(Down_Pin) ) { // while B2 is pressed

parameter++;

if(i == 0 && parameter > 31) // if day > 31 ==> day = 1

parameter = 1;

if(i == 1 && parameter > 12) // If month > 12 ==> month = 1

parameter = 1;

if(i == 2 && parameter > 99) // If year > 99 ==> year = 0

parameter = 0;

if(i == 3 && parameter > 23) // if hours > 23 ==> hours = 0

parameter = 0;

if(i == 4 && parameter > 59) // if minutes > 59 ==> minutes = 0

parameter = 0;

if(i == 5 && parameter > 1) // if minutes > 59 ==> minutes = 0

parameter = 0;

sprintf(text,"%02u", parameter);

tft.setCursor(x_pos[i], y_pos);

tft.print(text);

delay(200); // wait 200ms

}

while( !digitalRead(Down_Pin) && digitalRead(Up_Pin) ) { // while B2 is pressed

parameter--;

if(i == 0 && parameter < 01) // if day < 01 ==> day = 31

parameter = 31;

if(i == 1 && parameter < 01) // If month < 01 ==> month = 12

parameter = 12;

if(i == 2 && parameter < 00) // If year < 00 > ==> year = 99

parameter = 99;

if(i == 3 && parameter < 00) // if hours < 00 ==> hours = 23

parameter = 23;

if(i == 4 && parameter < 00) // if minutes < 00 ==> minutes = 59

parameter = 5;

if(i == 5 && parameter < 00) // if minutes < 00 ==> minutes = 59

parameter = 1;

sprintf(text,"%02u", parameter);

tft.setCursor(x_pos[i], y_pos);

tft.print(text);

delay(200); // wait 200ms

}

tft.fillRect(x_pos[i], y_pos, 12, 9, ST7735_BLUE); // fill nhấp nháy ô được chọn

unsigned long previous_m = millis();

while( (millis() - previous_m < 250) && digitalRead(Enter_Pin) && digitalRead(Up_Pin) && digitalRead(Down_Pin)) ;

tft.setCursor(x_pos[i], y_pos);

tft.print(text);

previous_m = millis();

while( (millis() - previous_m < 250) && digitalRead(Enter_Pin) && digitalRead(Up_Pin) && digitalRead(Down_Pin)) ;

if(!digitalRead(Enter_Pin))

{ // if button B1 is pressed

i = (i + 1) % 6; // increment 'i' for the next parameter

return parameter; // return parameter value and exit

}

void RTC_Setting_display()

{

char _buffer[11];

// print date

sprintf( _buffer, "%02u-%02u-%04u", now.day(), now.month(), now.year() );

tft.setCursor(4, date_y_pos);

tft.setTextColor(ST7735_YELLOW, ST7735_BLUE); // set text color to yellow and black background

tft.print("> Set Day:");

tft.print(_buffer);

// print time

sprintf( _buffer, "%02u:%02u:%02u", now.hour(), now.minute(), now.second() );

tft.setCursor(4, time_y_pos);

tft.setTextColor(ST7735_YELLOW, ST7735_BLUE); // set text color to green and black background

tft.print("> Set Time:");

tft.print(_buffer);

sprintf( _buffer, "%02u", BuzzerState );

tft.setCursor(4, buzzer_y_pos );

tft.setTextColor(ST7735_YELLOW, ST7735_BLUE); // set text color to green and black background

tft.print("> Buzzer: ");

tft.print(_buffer);

tft.setCursor(4, addr_slave_y_pos);

tft.setTextColor(ST7735_YELLOW, ST7735_BLUE); // set text color to green and black background

tft.print("> Slave Address: ");

tft.print(slave_Address);

tft.setCursor(4, addr_master_y_pos);

tft.setTextColor(ST7735_YELLOW, ST7735_BLUE); // set text color to green and black background

tft.print("> Master Address: ");

tft.print(master_Address);

sprintf( _buffer, "%02u", BuzzerState );

tft.setCursor(4, buzzer_y_pos );

tft.setTextColor(ST7735_YELLOW, ST7735_BLUE); // set text color to green and black background

tft.print("> Buzzer: ");

tft.print(_buffer);

}

void Screen2_display()

{

digitalWrite(Buzzer_Pin, LOW);

if(state != pre_state)

{

pre_state = state;

tft.fillScreen(ST7735_BLUE);

tft.drawLine(0, 25, 160, 25,ST7735_WHITE);

tft.setTextSize(2);

tft.setTextColor(ST7735_YELLOW);

tft.setCursor(13, 4);

tft.print("Information");

tft.fillRect(0, 88, 160, 40, ST7735_WHITE);

tft.setTextSize(1);

tft.setTextColor(ST7735_BLACK);

tft.setCursor(4, 90);

tft.print(Model);

tft.setCursor(4, 99);

tft.print(SeriaNumber);

tft.setCursor(4, 108);

tft.print(FirmwareVision);

tft.setCursor(4, 117);

tft.setTextColor(ST7735_RED);

tft.print(Author);

}

tft.setTextSize(1);

if( !digitalRead(Enter_Pin) ) // if B1 is pressed

if( debounce() ) // call debounce function (make sure B1 is pressed)

{

while( debounce() ); // call debounce function (wait for B1 to be released)

//DateTime now = rtc.now();

byte day = edit( now.day() ); // edit date

byte month = edit( now.month() ); // edit month

byte year = edit( now.year() - 2000 ); // edit year

byte hour = edit( now.hour() ); // edit hours

byte minute = edit( now.minute() ); // edit minutes

BuzzerState = edit(BuzzerState);

EEPROM_SaveSetting();

// write time & date data to the RTC chip

rtc.adjust(DateTime(2000 + year, month, day, hour, minute, 0));

while(debounce()); // call debounce function (wait for button B1 to be released)

}

RTC_Setting_display();

}

void ButtonHandle()

{

if (!digitalRead(Down_Pin))

{

if (state == 2) state = 0;

else state += 1;

delay(200);

}

//___________ getValue() ___________

String getValue(String data, char separator, int index) {

int found = 0;

int strIndex[] = { 0, -1 };

int maxIndex = data.length() - 1;

for (int i = 0; i <= maxIndex && found <= index; i++) {

if (data.charAt(i) == separator || i == maxIndex) {

found++;

strIndex[0] = strIndex[1] + 1;

strIndex[1] = (i == maxIndex) ? i+1 : i;

}

return found > index ? data.substring(strIndex[0], strIndex[1]) : "";

}

//___________ ReyaxLoRa_Send() ___________

void ReyaxLoRa_Send(int addr, String data_send) {

String str_Send;

// AT commands to transmit data.

// For more details see the document "LoRa_AT_Command_RYLR998_RYLR498_EN.pdf" in the "AT+SEND" section.

str_Send = "AT+SEND=" + String(addr) + "," + String(data_send.length()) + "," + data_send + "\r\n";

ReyaxLoRa.print(str_Send);

Serial.println();

Serial.print("Send to Slave : ");

Serial.print(str_Send);

Serial.flush();

}

//___________ ReyaxLoRa_Receive() ___________

void ReyaxLoRa_Receive() {

if (ReyaxLoRa.available() > 0 ) {

lastSerialTime = millis(); // Lưu thời gian gần nhất nhận được tín hiệu

String rcv_Data_String = ReyaxLoRa.readString();

if(rcv_Data_String.indexOf("OK") > 0 || rcv_Data_String.indexOf("ERR") > 0) {

Serial.println();

Serial.print(F("LoRa Reyax Module Response : "));

Serial.println(rcv_Data_String);

Serial.flush();

return;

} else {

// Print received data or messages.

Serial.println(F("Received from Sender : "));

Serial.println(rcv_Data_String);

Serial.flush();

//---------------------------------------- Process incoming data.

// For more details see the document "LoRa_AT_Command_RYLR998_RYLR498_EN.pdf" in the section "+RCV".

//String _addr = getValue(rcv_Data_String, ',', 0); //--> address

//_addr = _addr.substring(5);

//String _length = getValue(rcv_Data_String, ',', 1); //--> data length

String _message = getValue(rcv_Data_String, ',', 2); //--> data/message

_rssi = getValue(rcv_Data_String, ',', 3); //--> RSSI

Serial.print(F("RSSI : "));

Serial.println(_rssi);

//String _snr = getValue(rcv_Data_String, ',', 4); //--> SNR

//Serial.println();

//Serial.println(F("Received from Sender."));

//Serial.print(F("-Addr : "));

//Serial.println(_addr);

//Serial.print(F("-Length : "));

//Serial.println(_length);

//Serial.print(F("-Message : "));

//Serial.println(_message);

//Serial.print(F("-RSSI : "));

//Serial.println(_rssi);

//Serial.print(F("-SNR : "));

//Serial.println(_snr);

//Serial.flush();.

TemperatureValue = getValue(_message, '|', 0);

HumidityValue = getValue(_message, '|', 1);

MoistureValue = getValue(_message, '|', 2);

BateryPercent = getValue(_message, '|', 3);

}

void AllowBuzzer(uint8_t BuzzerValue, uint8_t value)

{

if(value) digitalWrite(Buzzer_Pin, BuzzerValue);

else digitalWrite(Buzzer_Pin, LOW);

}

// Thông báo mất tín hiệu - Signal loss notification

void SignalLoss()

{

tft.setTextSize(1);

tft.setCursor(10, 113);

tft.setTextColor(ST7735_WHITE, Display_Color_Backgroup);

if (millis() - lastSerialTime > TIMEOUT) { // Nếu thời gian chờ tối đa đã vượt quá

unsigned long currentMillis = millis(); // Lấy thời gian millis() hiện tại

// LED thứ nhất

if (ledState1 == false && currentMillis - previousMillis1 >= interval1Off) {

ledState1 = true;

previousMillis1 = currentMillis;

}

else if (ledState1 == true && currentMillis - previousMillis1 >= interval1On) {

ledState1 = false;

previousMillis1 = currentMillis;

}

AllowBuzzer(ledState1, BuzzerState);

// LED thứ hai

if (textState == false && currentMillis - previousMillis2 >= interval2Off) {

textState = true;

previousMillis2 = currentMillis;

tft.setTextColor(ST7735_WHITE, ST7735_RED);

tft.print("Signal Loss");

}

else if (textState == true && currentMillis - previousMillis2 >= interval2On) {

textState = false;

previousMillis2 = currentMillis;

tft.setTextColor(ST7735_WHITE, Display_Color_Backgroup);

tft.print(" ");

}

// if (millis() - lastBlinkTime > 1000) { // Nếu đã đủ thời gian để nhấp nháy LED

// buzzerState = !buzzerState; // Đảo trạng thái của LED

// // AllowBuzzer(buzzerState, BuzzerState);

// if(buzzerState == 0) {

// tft.setTextColor(ST7735_WHITE, ST7735_RED);

// tft.print("Signal Loss");

// }

// if(buzzerState == 1) {

// tft.setTextColor(ST7735_WHITE, Display_Color_Backgroup);

// tft.print(" ");

// }

// lastBlinkTime = millis(); // Lưu thời gian nhấp nháy gần nhất

// }

}

else {

tft.print(" ");

digitalWrite(Buzzer_Pin, LOW); // Tắt đèn LED nếu còn nhận được tín hiệu

// lastBlinkTime = millis(); // Lưu thời gian nhấp nháy gần nhất

}

//_____________ VOID SETUP() _____________

void setup() {

pinMode(Buzzer_Pin, OUTPUT);

pinMode(Up_Pin, INPUT_PULLUP);

pinMode(Enter_Pin, INPUT_PULLUP);

pinMode(Down_Pin, INPUT_PULLUP);

Serial.begin(9600);

// set the data rate for the SoftwareSerial port.

ReyaxLoRa.begin(9600);

// initialize RTC chip

rtc.begin();

//rtc.adjust(DateTime(2023, 5, 14, 12, 23, 0));

// Use this initializer if using a 1.8" TFT screen:

tft.initR(INITR_BLACKTAB); // Init ST7735S chip, black tab

tft.setRotation(1); // 0->3

// tft.fillScreen(ST7735_BLACK); // fill screen with black color

tft.fillScreen(Display_Color_Backgroup);

EEPROM_LoadSetting();

}

//________________VOID LOOP()_______________

void loop() {

ButtonHandle();

now = rtc.now(); // read current time and date from the RTC chip

switch (state) {

case 0:

Screen1_display();

SignalLoss();

ReyaxLoRa_Receive();

break;

case 1:

Screen2_display();

break;

}

//Serial.println(debounce());

}

Icon.h

// 'TempIcon 30px', 16x28px
const unsigned char TempIcon[] PROGMEM = {
	0x03, 0xc0, 0x07, 0xe0, 0x0f, 0xf0, 0x1c, 0x38, 0x1c, 0x38, 0x1c, 0x18, 0x1c, 0x18, 0x1c, 0x18, 
	0x1d, 0x98, 0x1d, 0x98, 0x1d, 0x98, 0x1d, 0x98, 0x1d, 0x98, 0x1d, 0x98, 0x1d, 0x98, 0x39, 0x9c, 
	0x39, 0x9c, 0x77, 0xee, 0x67, 0xe6, 0x6e, 0x76, 0x6e, 0x76, 0x6f, 0xf6, 0x77, 0xee, 0x73, 0xce, 
	0x38, 0x1c, 0x1f, 0xf8, 0x0f, 0xf0, 0x03, 0xc0
};

// 'HumIcon 30px', 18x25px
const unsigned char HumIcon[] PROGMEM = {
	0x00, 0xc0, 0x00, 0x00, 0xc0, 0x00, 0x01, 0xe0, 0x00, 0x03, 0xf0, 0x00, 0x03, 0xf0, 0x00, 0x07, 
	0xf8, 0x00, 0x0f, 0xfc, 0x00, 0x0f, 0xfc, 0x00, 0x1f, 0xfe, 0x00, 0x3f, 0xff, 0x00, 0x3f, 0xff, 
	0x00, 0x7f, 0xff, 0x80, 0x77, 0xff, 0x80, 0x63, 0xff, 0x80, 0xe1, 0xff, 0xc0, 0xe0, 0xff, 0xc0, 
	0xe0, 0x7f, 0xc0, 0xe0, 0x3f, 0xc0, 0x60, 0x1f, 0x80, 0x70, 0x0f, 0x80, 0x38, 0x07, 0x00, 0x3e, 
	0x1f, 0x00, 0x1f, 0xfe, 0x00, 0x07, 0xf8, 0x00, 0x01, 0xe0, 0x00
};

// 'SoilIcon30px', 26x26px
const unsigned char SoilIcon[] PROGMEM = {
	0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0f, 0xff, 0xfc, 0x00, 0x1f, 0xff, 0xfe, 0x00, 0x3c, 0x1e, 0x0f, 0x00, 
	0x70, 0x00, 0x03, 0x80, 0x60, 0x00, 0x01, 0x80, 0xfc, 0x0c, 0x0f, 0xc0, 0xfc, 0x1e, 0x0f, 0xc0, 
	0xfc, 0x7f, 0x8f, 0xc0, 0x1c, 0xff, 0xce, 0x00, 0x1f, 0xfd, 0xfe, 0x00, 0x1f, 0x9c, 0x7e, 0x00, 
	0x1f, 0x1c, 0x3e, 0x00, 0x0c, 0x1c, 0x0c, 0x00, 0x00, 0x1c, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x1c, 0x00, 0x00, 
	0x00, 0x1c, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x1c, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x1c, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x1e, 0x00, 0x00, 
	0x00, 0xff, 0xc0, 0x00, 0x01, 0xff, 0xe0, 0x00, 0x07, 0xc0, 0xf0, 0x00, 0x0f, 0xff, 0xf8, 0x00, 
	0x0f, 0xff, 0xfc, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00
};

// 'BatteryIcon', 30x19px
const unsigned char BatteryIcon[] PROGMEM = {
	0x3f, 0xff, 0xff, 0x80, 0x7f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xc0, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xe0, 0xe0, 0x00, 0x00, 0xe0, 
	0xe0, 0x00, 0x00, 0xe0, 0xe0, 0x00, 0x00, 0xe0, 0xe0, 0x00, 0x00, 0xf0, 0xe0, 0x00, 0x00, 0xf8, 
	0xe0, 0x00, 0x00, 0xf8, 0xe0, 0x00, 0x00, 0xf8, 0xe0, 0x00, 0x00, 0xf8, 0xe0, 0x00, 0x00, 0xf8, 
	0xe0, 0x00, 0x00, 0xf8, 0xe0, 0x00, 0x00, 0xe0, 0xe0, 0x00, 0x00, 0xe0, 0xe0, 0x00, 0x00, 0xe0, 
	0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xe0, 0x7f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xc0, 0x7f, 0xff, 0xff, 0x80
};
// 'SignalIcon', 18x13px
const unsigned char SignalIcon [] PROGMEM = {
	0x00, 0xc0, 0x00, 0x00, 0xc0, 0x00, 0x30, 0xc3, 0x00, 0x6c, 0xcd, 0x80, 0xd8, 0x06, 0xc0, 0xd8, 
	0x06, 0xc0, 0x90, 0xc2, 0x40, 0xd8, 0x06, 0xc0, 0xd8, 0x06, 0xc0, 0x6c, 0xcd, 0x80, 0x30, 0xc3, 
	0x00, 0x00, 0xc0, 0x00, 0x00, 0xc0, 0x00
};

// 'TempIcon 30px', 16x28px

const unsigned char TempIcon[] PROGMEM = {

0x03, 0xc0, 0x07, 0xe0, 0x0f, 0xf0, 0x1c, 0x38, 0x1c, 0x38, 0x1c, 0x18, 0x1c, 0x18, 0x1c, 0x18,

0x1d, 0x98, 0x1d, 0x98, 0x1d, 0x98, 0x1d, 0x98, 0x1d, 0x98, 0x1d, 0x98, 0x1d, 0x98, 0x39, 0x9c,

0x39, 0x9c, 0x77, 0xee, 0x67, 0xe6, 0x6e, 0x76, 0x6e, 0x76, 0x6f, 0xf6, 0x77, 0xee, 0x73, 0xce,

0x38, 0x1c, 0x1f, 0xf8, 0x0f, 0xf0, 0x03, 0xc0

};

// 'HumIcon 30px', 18x25px

const unsigned char HumIcon[] PROGMEM = {

0x00, 0xc0, 0x00, 0x00, 0xc0, 0x00, 0x01, 0xe0, 0x00, 0x03, 0xf0, 0x00, 0x03, 0xf0, 0x00, 0x07,

0xf8, 0x00, 0x0f, 0xfc, 0x00, 0x0f, 0xfc, 0x00, 0x1f, 0xfe, 0x00, 0x3f, 0xff, 0x00, 0x3f, 0xff,

0x00, 0x7f, 0xff, 0x80, 0x77, 0xff, 0x80, 0x63, 0xff, 0x80, 0xe1, 0xff, 0xc0, 0xe0, 0xff, 0xc0,

0xe0, 0x7f, 0xc0, 0xe0, 0x3f, 0xc0, 0x60, 0x1f, 0x80, 0x70, 0x0f, 0x80, 0x38, 0x07, 0x00, 0x3e,

0x1f, 0x00, 0x1f, 0xfe, 0x00, 0x07, 0xf8, 0x00, 0x01, 0xe0, 0x00

};

// 'SoilIcon30px', 26x26px

const unsigned char SoilIcon[] PROGMEM = {

0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0f, 0xff, 0xfc, 0x00, 0x1f, 0xff, 0xfe, 0x00, 0x3c, 0x1e, 0x0f, 0x00,

0x70, 0x00, 0x03, 0x80, 0x60, 0x00, 0x01, 0x80, 0xfc, 0x0c, 0x0f, 0xc0, 0xfc, 0x1e, 0x0f, 0xc0,

0xfc, 0x7f, 0x8f, 0xc0, 0x1c, 0xff, 0xce, 0x00, 0x1f, 0xfd, 0xfe, 0x00, 0x1f, 0x9c, 0x7e, 0x00,

0x1f, 0x1c, 0x3e, 0x00, 0x0c, 0x1c, 0x0c, 0x00, 0x00, 0x1c, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x1c, 0x00, 0x00,

0x00, 0x1c, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x1c, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x1c, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x1e, 0x00, 0x00,

0x00, 0xff, 0xc0, 0x00, 0x01, 0xff, 0xe0, 0x00, 0x07, 0xc0, 0xf0, 0x00, 0x0f, 0xff, 0xf8, 0x00,

0x0f, 0xff, 0xfc, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00

};

// 'BatteryIcon', 30x19px

const unsigned char BatteryIcon[] PROGMEM = {

0x3f, 0xff, 0xff, 0x80, 0x7f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xc0, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xe0, 0xe0, 0x00, 0x00, 0xe0,

0xe0, 0x00, 0x00, 0xe0, 0xe0, 0x00, 0x00, 0xe0, 0xe0, 0x00, 0x00, 0xf0, 0xe0, 0x00, 0x00, 0xf8,

0xe0, 0x00, 0x00, 0xf8, 0xe0, 0x00, 0x00, 0xf8, 0xe0, 0x00, 0x00, 0xf8, 0xe0, 0x00, 0x00, 0xf8,

0xe0, 0x00, 0x00, 0xf8, 0xe0, 0x00, 0x00, 0xe0, 0xe0, 0x00, 0x00, 0xe0, 0xe0, 0x00, 0x00, 0xe0,

0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xe0, 0x7f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xc0, 0x7f, 0xff, 0xff, 0x80

};

// 'SignalIcon', 18x13px

const unsigned char SignalIcon [] PROGMEM = {

0x00, 0xc0, 0x00, 0x00, 0xc0, 0x00, 0x30, 0xc3, 0x00, 0x6c, 0xcd, 0x80, 0xd8, 0x06, 0xc0, 0xd8,

0x06, 0xc0, 0x90, 0xc2, 0x40, 0xd8, 0x06, 0xc0, 0xd8, 0x06, 0xc0, 0x6c, 0xcd, 0x80, 0x30, 0xc3,

0x00, 0x00, 0xc0, 0x00, 0x00, 0xc0, 0x00

};

Copy the code into the Arduino IDE, connect the Arduino board via USB, and upload the code.

Download the Full LoRa Based Smart Agriculture and Remote Monitoring System

Testing

Now our device is ready for real field testing.

So I would like to conclude this innovative project by saying that, the adoption of a LoRa-based smart agriculture and remote monitoring system offers immense benefits to farmers, ranging from increased productivity and efficiency to sustainable farming practices.

As this technology continues to evolve and become more accessible, it holds the potential to transform the agricultural landscape, and productive farming industry for the future.

If you have any questions about this project you can ask me in the comments, Thank you.

LoRa Based Smart Agriculture and Remote Monitoring System

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LoRa Based Smart Agriculture and Remote Monitoring System

Required Material

RYLR998 Lora Module

Capacitive Soil Moisture Sensor

DHT11 sensor

DS1307 RTC Clock Module

1.8-inch TFT LCD Display

Transmitter & Reciever Schematics – LoRa-Based Smart Agriculture

Transmitter Part Design & Schematic

Fritzing Circuit – LoRa-Based Smart Agriculture

Receiver Part Design & Schematic

Fritzing Circuit – LoRa-Based Smart Agriculture

Assemble Transmitter

PCB Design & Gerber file for Transmitter

Soldering All Your Components Onto the Board

Final Transmitter Hardware Assembly

Assemble Receiver

PCB Design & Gerber file for Receiver

Soldering All Your Components Onto the Board

Final Receiver Hardware Assembly

Communication Using RYLR896 LoRa Transceiver

Sample Code For Test AT Command and Change Baudrate

Source Code & Librires

Code For Transmitter

Code For Reciever

Icon.h

Testing

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