Monitor Pulse Rate (BPM) With Arduino & Pulse Sensor

In this project, we will use Arduino & Pulse Sensor to measure your heart rate (BPM). this guide, we’ll show you how to use Pulse Sensor to measure your Heart rate (beats per minute). The Pulse Sensor is a low-power plug-and-play heart-rate sensor that is well designed.

The sensors will signal to 16×2 display to show our pulse rate BPM. this sensor is easy to use and operate. Just place your finger on top of the sensor and it will measure the heartbeat changes.

Required Material

In this tutorial , you will need :

Arduino UNO
Pulse Sensor
16×2 I2C Display
Jumper Wires

Pulse Sensor

A pulse sensor is Sensor that is used to measure the heart rate. We place the finger on the sensor and it uses to detect the heart rate. heart-rate data can be easily add into projects by artists, athletes, makers, and game & mobile developers who want to track their heart-rate and improve their performance.

To use pulse sensor it is only necessary for you to provide the 3V to 5V DC voltage supply and connect the Analog output to the Analog input of an microcontroller like an Arduino or Raspberry Pi.

The front of the sensor comes with the heart logo. This is where you would be placing your finger. On the front side, you will see a small round hole, from where the blinking green LED shines. Right below the LED is a small ambient light photo sensor APDS9008 which adjust the brightness depending on the light conditions.

This ambient light sensor functions similarly to the ones found in cell phones, tablets, and laptops to adjust the screen’s brightness based on ambient light conditions.

On the back of the module is MCP6001 op-amp from Microchip, resistors and capacitors that make up the R/C filter network filter. Additionally, there is a reverse polarity protection provided by diode to prevent sensor damage if you connect the power leads reverse.

Pinout of Pulse Sensor

Pin Configuration

Ground (Black):
VCC (Red) : +5V or +3.3V supply voltage
Signal (Purple): Pulsating output signal.

Pulse Sensor Schematic

Specification

Operating Voltage: 3.0V – 5.5V DC
Sensor: APDS-9008
Opamp: MCP6001
green led
Wire length: 20cm
Wires: GND, VCC, Signal

Applications

Sleep Tracking
Anxiety monitoring
Remote patient monitoring/alarm system
Health bands
Advanced gaming consoles

Schematic Diagram – Arduino & Pulse Sensor

Connect Pulse Sensor to Arduino Uno Board as follows:

VCC to +5V
GND to GND
SIGNAL to A0

Code and libraries – Arduino & Pulse Sensor

There are a lot of pulse sensor libraries available for Arduino boards. These libraries allow you to easily interface with a pulse sensor and read the data it provides.

You need to add the PulseSensor Playground library file. you can download the library from here.

or install the library, navigate to Sketch > Include Library > Manage Libraries > PulseSensor Playground. and install it.

This is one of the example codes. You can instantly upload the sketch to the Arduino board.

Source Code

#define USE_ARDUINO_INTERRUPTS true    // Set-up low-level interrupts for most acurate BPM math
#include <PulseSensorPlayground.h>     // Includes the PulseSensorPlayground Library

const int PulseWire = 0;       // 'S' Signal pin connected to A0
const int LED13 = 13;          // The on-board Arduino LED
int Threshold = 550;           // Determine which Signal to "count as a beat" and which to ignore
                               
PulseSensorPlayground pulseSensor;  // Creates an object

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600);

  // Configure the PulseSensor object, by assigning our variables to it
  pulseSensor.analogInput(PulseWire);   
  pulseSensor.blinkOnPulse(LED13);       // Blink on-board LED with heartbeat
  pulseSensor.setThreshold(Threshold);   

  // Double-check the "pulseSensor" object was created and began seeing a signal
  if (pulseSensor.begin()) {
    Serial.println("PulseSensor object created!");
  }
}

void loop() {
  int myBPM = pulseSensor.getBeatsPerMinute();      // Calculates BPM

  if (pulseSensor.sawStartOfBeat()) {               // Constantly test to see if a beat happened
    Serial.println("♥  A HeartBeat Happened ! "); // If true, print a message
    Serial.print("BPM: ");
    Serial.println(myBPM);                        // Print the BPM value
    }

  delay(20);
}

#define USE_ARDUINO_INTERRUPTS true // Set-up low-level interrupts for most acurate BPM math

#include <PulseSensorPlayground.h> // Includes the PulseSensorPlayground Library

const int PulseWire = 0; // 'S' Signal pin connected to A0

const int LED13 = 13; // The on-board Arduino LED

int Threshold = 550; // Determine which Signal to "count as a beat" and which to ignore

PulseSensorPlayground pulseSensor; // Creates an object

void setup() {

Serial.begin(9600);

// Configure the PulseSensor object, by assigning our variables to it

pulseSensor.analogInput(PulseWire);

pulseSensor.blinkOnPulse(LED13); // Blink on-board LED with heartbeat

pulseSensor.setThreshold(Threshold);

// Double-check the "pulseSensor" object was created and began seeing a signal

if (pulseSensor.begin()) {

Serial.println("PulseSensor object created!");

}

void loop() {

int myBPM = pulseSensor.getBeatsPerMinute(); // Calculates BPM

if (pulseSensor.sawStartOfBeat()) { // Constantly test to see if a beat happened

Serial.println("♥ A HeartBeat Happened ! "); // If true, print a message

Serial.print("BPM: ");

Serial.println(myBPM); // Print the BPM value

}

delay(20);

}

The output of the readings won’t make sense right away after you upload the sketch, so try your best to hold your finger as steady as you can while you wait. You will see something like this. You will see something like this.

Source Code Processing visualization

Now you can see your heartbeat as a line on a graph, or in a more abstract form that shows the rhythm of your heartbeat over time.

Download Processing and Arduino code from here – Arduino Pulse sensor Processing code

Source Code

Example in Processing

//  VARIABLES
int pulsePin = 0;                 
int blinkPin = 13;                
int fadePin = 5;                  
int fadeRate = 0;                 // used to fade LED on with PWM on fadePin

// these variables are volatile because they are used during the interrupt service routine!
volatile int BPM;                   // used to hold the pulse rate
volatile int Signal;                // holds the incoming raw data
volatile int IBI = 600;             // holds the time between beats, must be seeded! 
volatile boolean Pulse = false;     // true when pulse wave is high, false when it's low
volatile boolean QS = false;        // becomes true when Arduino finds a beat.

void setup(){
  pinMode(blinkPin,OUTPUT);         // pin that will blink to your heartbeat!
  pinMode(fadePin,OUTPUT);          // pin that will fade to your heartbeat!
  Serial.begin(115200);             // we agree to talk fast!
  interruptSetup();                 // sets up to read Pulse Sensor signal every 2mS 
   // UN-COMMENT THE NEXT LINE IF YOU ARE POWERING The Pulse Sensor AT LOW VOLTAGE, 
   // AND APPLY THAT VOLTAGE TO THE A-REF PIN
   //analogReference(EXTERNAL);   
}
void loop(){
  sendDataToProcessing('S', Signal);     // send Processing the raw Pulse Sensor data
  if (QS == true){                       // Quantified Self flag is true when arduino finds a heartbeat
        fadeRate = 255;                  // Set 'fadeRate' Variable to 255 to fade LED with pulse
        sendDataToProcessing('B',BPM);   // send heart rate with a 'B' prefix
        sendDataToProcessing('Q',IBI);   // send time between beats with a 'Q' prefix
        QS = false;                      // reset the Quantified Self flag for next time    
     }
  
  ledFadeToBeat();
  
  delay(20);                             //  take a break
}
void ledFadeToBeat(){
    fadeRate -= 15;                         //  set LED fade value
    fadeRate = constrain(fadeRate,0,255);   //  keep LED fade value from going into negative numbers!
    analogWrite(fadePin,fadeRate);          //  fade LED
  }
void sendDataToProcessing(char symbol, int data ){
    Serial.print(symbol);                // symbol prefix tells Processing what type of data is coming
    Serial.println(data);                // the data to send culminating in a carriage return
  }

// VARIABLES

int pulsePin = 0;

int blinkPin = 13;

int fadePin = 5;

int fadeRate = 0; // used to fade LED on with PWM on fadePin

// these variables are volatile because they are used during the interrupt service routine!

volatile int BPM; // used to hold the pulse rate

volatile int Signal; // holds the incoming raw data

volatile int IBI = 600; // holds the time between beats, must be seeded!

volatile boolean Pulse = false; // true when pulse wave is high, false when it's low

volatile boolean QS = false; // becomes true when Arduino finds a beat.

void setup(){

pinMode(blinkPin,OUTPUT); // pin that will blink to your heartbeat!

pinMode(fadePin,OUTPUT); // pin that will fade to your heartbeat!

Serial.begin(115200); // we agree to talk fast!

interruptSetup(); // sets up to read Pulse Sensor signal every 2mS

// UN-COMMENT THE NEXT LINE IF YOU ARE POWERING The Pulse Sensor AT LOW VOLTAGE,

// AND APPLY THAT VOLTAGE TO THE A-REF PIN

//analogReference(EXTERNAL);

}

void loop(){

sendDataToProcessing('S', Signal); // send Processing the raw Pulse Sensor data

if (QS == true){ // Quantified Self flag is true when arduino finds a heartbeat

fadeRate = 255; // Set 'fadeRate' Variable to 255 to fade LED with pulse

sendDataToProcessing('B',BPM); // send heart rate with a 'B' prefix

sendDataToProcessing('Q',IBI); // send time between beats with a 'Q' prefix

QS = false; // reset the Quantified Self flag for next time

}

ledFadeToBeat();

delay(20); // take a break

}

void ledFadeToBeat(){

fadeRate -= 15; // set LED fade value

fadeRate = constrain(fadeRate,0,255); // keep LED fade value from going into negative numbers!

analogWrite(fadePin,fadeRate); // fade LED

}

void sendDataToProcessing(char symbol, int data ){

Serial.print(symbol); // symbol prefix tells Processing what type of data is coming

Serial.println(data); // the data to send culminating in a carriage return

}

Processing visualization Code

/*
THIS PROGRAM WORKS WITH PulseSensorAmped_Arduino ARDUINO CODE
THE PULSE DATA WINDOW IS SCALEABLE WITH SCROLLBAR AT BOTTOM OF SCREEN
PRESS 'S' OR 's' KEY TO SAVE A PICTURE OF THE SCREEN IN SKETCH FOLDER (.jpg)
PRESS 'R' OR 'r' KEY TO RESET THE DATA TRACES
MADE BY JOEL MURPHY AUGUST, 2012
UPDATED BY JOEL MURPHY SUMMER 2016 WITH SERIAL PORT LOCATOR TOOL
UPDATED BY JOEL MURPHY WINTER 2017 WITH IMPROVED SERIAL PORT SELECTOR TOOL

THIS CODE PROVIDED AS IS, WITH NO CLAIMS OF FUNCTIONALITY OR EVEN IF IT WILL WORK
      WYSIWYG
*/

import processing.serial.*;  // serial library lets us talk to Arduino
PFont font;
PFont portsFont;
Scrollbar scaleBar;

Serial port;

int Sensor;      // HOLDS PULSE SENSOR DATA FROM ARDUINO
int IBI;         // HOLDS TIME BETWEN HEARTBEATS FROM ARDUINO
int BPM;         // HOLDS HEART RATE VALUE FROM ARDUINO
int[] RawY;      // HOLDS HEARTBEAT WAVEFORM DATA BEFORE SCALING
int[] ScaledY;   // USED TO POSITION SCALED HEARTBEAT WAVEFORM
int[] rate;      // USED TO POSITION BPM DATA WAVEFORM
float zoom;      // USED WHEN SCALING PULSE WAVEFORM TO PULSE WINDOW
float offset;    // USED WHEN SCALING PULSE WAVEFORM TO PULSE WINDOW
color eggshell = color(255, 253, 248);
int heart = 0;   // This variable times the heart image 'pulse' on screen
//  THESE VARIABLES DETERMINE THE SIZE OF THE DATA WINDOWS
int PulseWindowWidth = 490;
int PulseWindowHeight = 512;
int BPMWindowWidth = 180;
int BPMWindowHeight = 340;
boolean beat = false;    // set when a heart beat is detected, then cleared when the BPM graph is advanced

// SERIAL PORT STUFF TO HELP YOU FIND THE CORRECT SERIAL PORT
String serialPort;
String[] serialPorts = new String[Serial.list().length];
boolean serialPortFound = false;
Radio[] button = new Radio[Serial.list().length*2];
int numPorts = serialPorts.length;
boolean refreshPorts = false;

void setup() {
  size(700, 600);  // Stage size
  frameRate(100);
  font = loadFont("Arial-BoldMT-24.vlw");
  textFont(font);
  textAlign(CENTER);
  rectMode(CENTER);
  ellipseMode(CENTER);
// Scrollbar constructor inputs: x,y,width,height,minVal,maxVal
  scaleBar = new Scrollbar (400, 575, 180, 12, 0.5, 1.0);  // set parameters for the scale bar
  RawY = new int[PulseWindowWidth];          // initialize raw pulse waveform array
  ScaledY = new int[PulseWindowWidth];       // initialize scaled pulse waveform array
  rate = new int [BPMWindowWidth];           // initialize BPM waveform array
  zoom = 0.75;                               // initialize scale of heartbeat window

 // set the visualizer lines to 0
 resetDataTraces();

 background(0);
 // DRAW OUT THE PULSE WINDOW AND BPM WINDOW RECTANGLES
 drawDataWindows();
 drawHeart();

// GO FIND THE ARDUINO
  fill(eggshell);
  text("Select Your Serial Port",245,30);
  listAvailablePorts();

}

void draw() {
if(serialPortFound){
  // ONLY RUN THE VISUALIZER AFTER THE PORT IS CONNECTED
  background(0);
  noStroke();
  drawDataWindows();
  drawPulseWaveform();
  drawBPMwaveform();
  drawHeart();
// PRINT THE DATA AND VARIABLE VALUES
  fill(eggshell);                                       // get ready to print text
  text("Pulse Rate Visualizer (BPM)",245,30);    // tell them what you are
  text("IBI " + IBI + "mS",600,585);                    // print the time between heartbeats in mS
  text(BPM + " BPM",600,200);                           // print the Beats Per Minute
  text("Pulse Window Scale " + nf(zoom,1,2), 150, 585); // show the current scale of Pulse Window

//  DO THE SCROLLBAR THINGS
  scaleBar.update (mouseX, mouseY);
  scaleBar.display();

} else { // SCAN BUTTONS TO FIND THE SERIAL PORT

  autoScanPorts();

  if(refreshPorts){
    refreshPorts = false;
    drawDataWindows();
    drawHeart();
    listAvailablePorts();
  }

  for(int i=0; i<numPorts+1; i++){
    button[i].overRadio(mouseX,mouseY);
    button[i].displayRadio();
  }

}

}  //end of draw loop


void drawDataWindows(){
    // DRAW OUT THE PULSE WINDOW AND BPM WINDOW RECTANGLES
    noStroke();
    fill(eggshell);  // color for the window background
    rect(255,height/2,PulseWindowWidth,PulseWindowHeight);
    rect(600,385,BPMWindowWidth,BPMWindowHeight);
}

void drawPulseWaveform(){
  // DRAW THE PULSE WAVEFORM
  // prepare pulse data points
  RawY[RawY.length-1] = (1023 - Sensor) - 212;   // place the new raw datapoint at the end of the array
  zoom = scaleBar.getPos();                      // get current waveform scale value
  offset = map(zoom,0.5,1,150,0);                // calculate the offset needed at this scale
  for (int i = 0; i < RawY.length-1; i++) {      // move the pulse waveform by
    RawY[i] = RawY[i+1];                         // shifting all raw datapoints one pixel left
    float dummy = RawY[i] * zoom + offset;       // adjust the raw data to the selected scale
    ScaledY[i] = constrain(int(dummy),44,556);   // transfer the raw data array to the scaled array
  }
  stroke(250,0,0);                               // red is a good color for the pulse waveform
  noFill();
  beginShape();                                  // using beginShape() renders fast
  for (int x = 1; x < ScaledY.length-1; x++) {
    vertex(x+10, ScaledY[x]);                    //draw a line connecting the data points
  }
  endShape();
}

void drawBPMwaveform(){
// DRAW THE BPM WAVE FORM
// first, shift the BPM waveform over to fit then next data point only when a beat is found
 if (beat == true){   // move the heart rate line over one pixel every time the heart beats
   beat = false;      // clear beat flag (beat flag waset in serialEvent tab)
   for (int i=0; i<rate.length-1; i++){
     rate[i] = rate[i+1];                  // shift the bpm Y coordinates over one pixel to the left
   }
// then limit and scale the BPM value
   BPM = min(BPM,200);                     // limit the highest BPM value to 200
   float dummy = map(BPM,0,200,555,215);   // map it to the heart rate window Y
   rate[rate.length-1] = int(dummy);       // set the rightmost pixel to the new data point value
 }
 // GRAPH THE HEART RATE WAVEFORM
 stroke(250,0,0);                          // color of heart rate graph
 strokeWeight(2);                          // thicker line is easier to read
 noFill();
 beginShape();
 for (int i=0; i < rate.length-1; i++){    // variable 'i' will take the place of pixel x position
   vertex(i+510, rate[i]);                 // display history of heart rate datapoints
 }
 endShape();
}

void drawHeart(){
  // DRAW THE HEART AND MAYBE MAKE IT BEAT
    fill(250,0,0);
    stroke(250,0,0);
    // the 'heart' variable is set in serialEvent when arduino sees a beat happen
    heart--;                    // heart is used to time how long the heart graphic swells when your heart beats
    heart = max(heart,0);       // don't let the heart variable go into negative numbers
    if (heart > 0){             // if a beat happened recently,
      strokeWeight(8);          // make the heart big
    }
    smooth();   // draw the heart with two bezier curves
    bezier(width-100,50, width-20,-20, width,140, width-100,150);
    bezier(width-100,50, width-190,-20, width-200,140, width-100,150);
    strokeWeight(1);          // reset the strokeWeight for next time
}

void listAvailablePorts(){
  println(Serial.list());    // print a list of available serial ports to the console
  serialPorts = Serial.list();
  fill(0);
  textFont(font,16);
  textAlign(LEFT);
  // set a counter to list the ports backwards
  int yPos = 0;
  int xPos = 35;
  for(int i=serialPorts.length-1; i>=0; i--){
    button[i] = new Radio(xPos, 95+(yPos*20),12,color(180),color(80),color(255),i,button);
    text(serialPorts[i],xPos+15, 100+(yPos*20));

    yPos++;
    if(yPos > height-30){
      yPos = 0; xPos+=200;
    }
  }
  int p = numPorts;
   fill(233,0,0);
  button[p] = new Radio(35, 95+(yPos*20),12,color(180),color(80),color(255),p,button);
    text("Refresh Serial Ports List",50, 100+(yPos*20));

  textFont(font);
  textAlign(CENTER);
}

void autoScanPorts(){
  if(Serial.list().length != numPorts){
    if(Serial.list().length > numPorts){
      println("New Ports Opened!");
      int diff = Serial.list().length - numPorts;	// was serialPorts.length
      serialPorts = expand(serialPorts,diff);
      numPorts = Serial.list().length;
    }else if(Serial.list().length < numPorts){
      println("Some Ports Closed!");
      numPorts = Serial.list().length;
    }
    refreshPorts = true;
    return;
  }
}

void resetDataTraces(){
  for (int i=0; i<rate.length; i++){
     rate[i] = 555;      // Place BPM graph line at bottom of BPM Window
    }
  for (int i=0; i<RawY.length; i++){
     RawY[i] = height/2; // initialize the pulse window data line to V/2
  }
}

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THIS PROGRAM WORKS WITH PulseSensorAmped_Arduino ARDUINO CODE

THE PULSE DATA WINDOW IS SCALEABLE WITH SCROLLBAR AT BOTTOM OF SCREEN

PRESS 'S' OR 's' KEY TO SAVE A PICTURE OF THE SCREEN IN SKETCH FOLDER (.jpg)

PRESS 'R' OR 'r' KEY TO RESET THE DATA TRACES

MADE BY JOEL MURPHY AUGUST, 2012

UPDATED BY JOEL MURPHY SUMMER 2016 WITH SERIAL PORT LOCATOR TOOL

UPDATED BY JOEL MURPHY WINTER 2017 WITH IMPROVED SERIAL PORT SELECTOR TOOL

THIS CODE PROVIDED AS IS, WITH NO CLAIMS OF FUNCTIONALITY OR EVEN IF IT WILL WORK

WYSIWYG

import processing.serial.*; // serial library lets us talk to Arduino

PFont font;

PFont portsFont;

Scrollbar scaleBar;

Serial port;

int Sensor; // HOLDS PULSE SENSOR DATA FROM ARDUINO

int IBI; // HOLDS TIME BETWEN HEARTBEATS FROM ARDUINO

int BPM; // HOLDS HEART RATE VALUE FROM ARDUINO

int[] RawY; // HOLDS HEARTBEAT WAVEFORM DATA BEFORE SCALING

int[] ScaledY; // USED TO POSITION SCALED HEARTBEAT WAVEFORM

int[] rate; // USED TO POSITION BPM DATA WAVEFORM

float zoom; // USED WHEN SCALING PULSE WAVEFORM TO PULSE WINDOW

float offset; // USED WHEN SCALING PULSE WAVEFORM TO PULSE WINDOW

color eggshell = color(255, 253, 248);

int heart = 0; // This variable times the heart image 'pulse' on screen

// THESE VARIABLES DETERMINE THE SIZE OF THE DATA WINDOWS

int PulseWindowWidth = 490;

int PulseWindowHeight = 512;

int BPMWindowWidth = 180;

int BPMWindowHeight = 340;

boolean beat = false; // set when a heart beat is detected, then cleared when the BPM graph is advanced

// SERIAL PORT STUFF TO HELP YOU FIND THE CORRECT SERIAL PORT

String serialPort;

String[] serialPorts = new String[Serial.list().length];

boolean serialPortFound = false;

Radio[] button = new Radio[Serial.list().length*2];

int numPorts = serialPorts.length;

boolean refreshPorts = false;

void setup() {

size(700, 600); // Stage size

frameRate(100);

font = loadFont("Arial-BoldMT-24.vlw");

textFont(font);

textAlign(CENTER);

rectMode(CENTER);

ellipseMode(CENTER);

// Scrollbar constructor inputs: x,y,width,height,minVal,maxVal

scaleBar = new Scrollbar (400, 575, 180, 12, 0.5, 1.0); // set parameters for the scale bar

RawY = new int[PulseWindowWidth]; // initialize raw pulse waveform array

ScaledY = new int[PulseWindowWidth]; // initialize scaled pulse waveform array

rate = new int [BPMWindowWidth]; // initialize BPM waveform array

zoom = 0.75; // initialize scale of heartbeat window

// set the visualizer lines to 0

resetDataTraces();

background(0);

// DRAW OUT THE PULSE WINDOW AND BPM WINDOW RECTANGLES

drawDataWindows();

drawHeart();

// GO FIND THE ARDUINO

fill(eggshell);

text("Select Your Serial Port",245,30);

listAvailablePorts();

}

void draw() {

if(serialPortFound){

// ONLY RUN THE VISUALIZER AFTER THE PORT IS CONNECTED

background(0);

noStroke();

drawDataWindows();

drawPulseWaveform();

drawBPMwaveform();

drawHeart();

// PRINT THE DATA AND VARIABLE VALUES

fill(eggshell); // get ready to print text

text("Pulse Rate Visualizer (BPM)",245,30); // tell them what you are

text("IBI " + IBI + "mS",600,585); // print the time between heartbeats in mS

text(BPM + " BPM",600,200); // print the Beats Per Minute

text("Pulse Window Scale " + nf(zoom,1,2), 150, 585); // show the current scale of Pulse Window

// DO THE SCROLLBAR THINGS

scaleBar.update (mouseX, mouseY);

scaleBar.display();

} else { // SCAN BUTTONS TO FIND THE SERIAL PORT

autoScanPorts();

if(refreshPorts){

refreshPorts = false;

drawDataWindows();

drawHeart();

listAvailablePorts();

}

for(int i=0; i<numPorts+1; i++){

button[i].overRadio(mouseX,mouseY);

button[i].displayRadio();

}

} //end of draw loop

void drawDataWindows(){

// DRAW OUT THE PULSE WINDOW AND BPM WINDOW RECTANGLES

noStroke();

fill(eggshell); // color for the window background

rect(255,height/2,PulseWindowWidth,PulseWindowHeight);

rect(600,385,BPMWindowWidth,BPMWindowHeight);

}

void drawPulseWaveform(){

// DRAW THE PULSE WAVEFORM

// prepare pulse data points

RawY[RawY.length-1] = (1023 - Sensor) - 212; // place the new raw datapoint at the end of the array

zoom = scaleBar.getPos(); // get current waveform scale value

offset = map(zoom,0.5,1,150,0); // calculate the offset needed at this scale

for (int i = 0; i < RawY.length-1; i++) { // move the pulse waveform by

RawY[i] = RawY[i+1]; // shifting all raw datapoints one pixel left

float dummy = RawY[i] * zoom + offset; // adjust the raw data to the selected scale

ScaledY[i] = constrain(int(dummy),44,556); // transfer the raw data array to the scaled array

}

stroke(250,0,0); // red is a good color for the pulse waveform

noFill();

beginShape(); // using beginShape() renders fast

for (int x = 1; x < ScaledY.length-1; x++) {

vertex(x+10, ScaledY[x]); //draw a line connecting the data points

}

endShape();

}

void drawBPMwaveform(){

// DRAW THE BPM WAVE FORM

// first, shift the BPM waveform over to fit then next data point only when a beat is found

if (beat == true){ // move the heart rate line over one pixel every time the heart beats

beat = false; // clear beat flag (beat flag waset in serialEvent tab)

for (int i=0; i<rate.length-1; i++){

rate[i] = rate[i+1]; // shift the bpm Y coordinates over one pixel to the left

}

// then limit and scale the BPM value

BPM = min(BPM,200); // limit the highest BPM value to 200

float dummy = map(BPM,0,200,555,215); // map it to the heart rate window Y

rate[rate.length-1] = int(dummy); // set the rightmost pixel to the new data point value

}

// GRAPH THE HEART RATE WAVEFORM

stroke(250,0,0); // color of heart rate graph

strokeWeight(2); // thicker line is easier to read

noFill();

beginShape();

for (int i=0; i < rate.length-1; i++){ // variable 'i' will take the place of pixel x position

vertex(i+510, rate[i]); // display history of heart rate datapoints

}

endShape();

}

void drawHeart(){

// DRAW THE HEART AND MAYBE MAKE IT BEAT

fill(250,0,0);

stroke(250,0,0);

// the 'heart' variable is set in serialEvent when arduino sees a beat happen

heart--; // heart is used to time how long the heart graphic swells when your heart beats

heart = max(heart,0); // don't let the heart variable go into negative numbers

if (heart > 0){ // if a beat happened recently,

strokeWeight(8); // make the heart big

}

smooth(); // draw the heart with two bezier curves

bezier(width-100,50, width-20,-20, width,140, width-100,150);

bezier(width-100,50, width-190,-20, width-200,140, width-100,150);

strokeWeight(1); // reset the strokeWeight for next time

}

void listAvailablePorts(){

println(Serial.list()); // print a list of available serial ports to the console

serialPorts = Serial.list();

fill(0);

textFont(font,16);

textAlign(LEFT);

// set a counter to list the ports backwards

int yPos = 0;

int xPos = 35;

for(int i=serialPorts.length-1; i>=0; i--){

button[i] = new Radio(xPos, 95+(yPos*20),12,color(180),color(80),color(255),i,button);

text(serialPorts[i],xPos+15, 100+(yPos*20));

yPos++;

if(yPos > height-30){

yPos = 0; xPos+=200;

}

int p = numPorts;

fill(233,0,0);

button[p] = new Radio(35, 95+(yPos*20),12,color(180),color(80),color(255),p,button);

text("Refresh Serial Ports List",50, 100+(yPos*20));

textFont(font);

textAlign(CENTER);

}

void autoScanPorts(){

if(Serial.list().length != numPorts){

if(Serial.list().length > numPorts){

println("New Ports Opened!");

int diff = Serial.list().length - numPorts; // was serialPorts.length

serialPorts = expand(serialPorts,diff);

numPorts = Serial.list().length;

}else if(Serial.list().length < numPorts){

println("Some Ports Closed!");

numPorts = Serial.list().length;

}

refreshPorts = true;

return;

}

void resetDataTraces(){

for (int i=0; i<rate.length; i++){

rate[i] = 555; // Place BPM graph line at bottom of BPM Window

}

for (int i=0; i<RawY.length; i++){

RawY[i] = height/2; // initialize the pulse window data line to V/2

}

Working

There are a couple of cool things you can do while the sketch is running. For example, you can:

Press ‘s‘ or ‘S‘ to take a screenshot of the program window
The image will be saved in the sketch folder as a .jpg
Press ‘r‘ or ‘R‘ to reset the data windows to zero

Note – Tightly put your finger on the pulse sensor by wrapping it with a sticky wrapper, and then moving the finger will change the bpm value.

Pulse Rate Monitor With Arduino & 16×2 Display

Connect LCD to Arduino Uno Board as follows.

VCC to +5V
GND to GND
SDA to A4
SCL to A5

Source Code

/*
 * DIY PROJECTS LAB
 */

#include <LiquidCrystal_I2C.h>
LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd(0x27,16,2);   
int pulsePin = 0;                   // Heart Rate Sensor in A0
volatile int BPM;                   //Beats per minute
volatile int Signal;                // Pulse sensor data input
volatile int IBI = 600;             // time between pulses
volatile boolean Pulse = false;     // True when the pulse wave is high, false when it is Low
volatile boolean QS = false;        // True when the Arduino Searches for a Heart pulse

void setup(){ 
 pinMode(13, OUTPUT); 
 lcd.init();                        
 lcd.backlight();                           
 lcd.clear();                                
 Serial.begin(9600);                
 interruptSetup();                  
}

void loop(){
 int pulso = analogRead(A0);          
 if (pulso >= 530) {                  
    digitalWrite(13, HIGH);
 }  
 else{
    digitalWrite(13, LOW);
 }  
   lcd.setCursor(1,0);
   lcd.print("BPM= ");
   lcd.print(BPM);
   lcd.print("   "); 
   //Serial.print("PPM = ");  Serial.println(BPM); 
   Serial.println(Pulse);                          
  if (QS == true){                       
    QS = false;                           
  }
}

* DIY PROJECTS LAB

#include <LiquidCrystal_I2C.h>

LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd(0x27,16,2);

int pulsePin = 0; // Heart Rate Sensor in A0

volatile int BPM; //Beats per minute

volatile int Signal; // Pulse sensor data input

volatile int IBI = 600; // time between pulses

volatile boolean Pulse = false; // True when the pulse wave is high, false when it is Low

volatile boolean QS = false; // True when the Arduino Searches for a Heart pulse

void setup(){

pinMode(13, OUTPUT);

lcd.init();

lcd.backlight();

lcd.clear();

Serial.begin(9600);

interruptSetup();

}

void loop(){

int pulso = analogRead(A0);

if (pulso >= 530) {

digitalWrite(13, HIGH);

}

else{

digitalWrite(13, LOW);

}

lcd.setCursor(1,0);

lcd.print("BPM= ");

lcd.print(BPM);

lcd.print(" ");

//Serial.print("PPM = "); Serial.println(BPM);

Serial.println(Pulse);

if (QS == true){

QS = false;

}

Conclusion

The heart beat (BPM) can be measured using Arduino and Pulse Sensor to measure the pulse rate and display it on the 16×2 LCD screen.

Note: This sensor is not medically or FDA-approved. It is designed for hobby projects and demonstrations and should not be used for health-critical applications.

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Monitor Pulse Rate (BPM) With Arduino & Pulse Sensor

Required Material

Pulse Sensor

Pinout of Pulse Sensor

Pulse Sensor Schematic

Specification

Applications

Schematic Diagram – Arduino & Pulse Sensor

Code and libraries – Arduino & Pulse Sensor

Source Code

Source Code Processing visualization

Source Code

Processing visualization Code

Working

Pulse Rate Monitor With Arduino & 16×2 Display

Source Code

Conclusion

Video Explanation:

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